/*
  Copyright 2011-2020 David Robillard <d@drobilla.net>

  Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
  purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
  copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.

  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
  WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
  MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
  ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
  WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
  ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
  OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
*/

#include "node.h"

#include "static_nodes.h"
#include "string_utils.h"

#include "exess/exess.h"
#include "serd/serd.h"

#include <assert.h>
#include <float.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

typedef struct {
  const void* SERD_NULLABLE buf;
  size_t                    len;
} SerdConstBuffer;

static SerdNode*
serd_new_from_uri(const SerdURIView uri, const SerdURIView base);

static size_t
serd_node_pad_size(const size_t n_bytes)
{
  const size_t pad  = sizeof(SerdNode) - (n_bytes + 2) % sizeof(SerdNode);
  const size_t size = n_bytes + 2 + pad;
  assert(size % sizeof(SerdNode) == 0);
  return size;
}

static const SerdNode*
serd_node_meta_c(const SerdNode* node)
{
  return node + 1 + (serd_node_pad_size(node->n_bytes) / sizeof(SerdNode));
}

static SerdNode*
serd_node_meta(SerdNode* node)
{
  return node + 1 + (serd_node_pad_size(node->n_bytes) / sizeof(SerdNode));
}

static const SerdNode*
serd_node_maybe_get_meta_c(const SerdNode* node)
{
  return (node->flags & (SERD_HAS_LANGUAGE | SERD_HAS_DATATYPE))
           ? (node + 1 + (serd_node_pad_size(node->n_bytes) / sizeof(SerdNode)))
           : NULL;
}

static void
serd_node_check_padding(const SerdNode* node)
{
  (void)node;
#ifndef NDEBUG
  if (node) {
    const size_t unpadded_size = node->n_bytes;
    const size_t padded_size   = serd_node_pad_size(node->n_bytes);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < padded_size - unpadded_size; ++i) {
      assert(serd_node_buffer_c(node)[unpadded_size + i] == '\0');
    }

    serd_node_check_padding(serd_node_maybe_get_meta_c(node));
  }
#endif
}

static SERD_PURE_FUNC
size_t
serd_node_total_size(const SerdNode* node)
{
  return node ? (sizeof(SerdNode) + serd_node_pad_size(node->n_bytes) +
                 serd_node_total_size(serd_node_maybe_get_meta_c(node)))
              : 0;
}

SerdNode*
serd_node_malloc(size_t n_bytes, SerdNodeFlags flags, SerdNodeType type)
{
  const size_t size = sizeof(SerdNode) + serd_node_pad_size(n_bytes);
  SerdNode*    node = (SerdNode*)calloc(1, size);

  node->n_bytes = 0;
  node->flags   = flags;
  node->type    = type;

  assert((uintptr_t)node % sizeof(SerdNode) == 0u);
  return node;
}

void
serd_node_set(SerdNode** dst, const SerdNode* src)
{
  const size_t size = serd_node_total_size(src);
  if (serd_node_total_size(*dst) < size) {
    (*dst) = (SerdNode*)realloc(*dst, size);
  }

  memcpy(*dst, src, size);
}

/**
   Zero node padding.

   This is used for nodes which live in re-used stack memory during reading,
   which must be normalized before being passed to a sink so comparison will
   work correctly.
*/
void
serd_node_zero_pad(SerdNode* node)
{
  char*        buf         = serd_node_buffer(node);
  const size_t size        = node->n_bytes;
  const size_t padded_size = serd_node_pad_size(node->n_bytes);

  memset(buf + size, 0, padded_size - size);

  if (node->flags & (SERD_HAS_DATATYPE | SERD_HAS_LANGUAGE)) {
    serd_node_zero_pad(serd_node_meta(node));
  }

  if (node->flags & (SERD_HAS_DATATYPE | SERD_HAS_LANGUAGE)) {
    serd_node_zero_pad(serd_node_meta(node));
  }
}

SerdNode*
serd_new_simple_node(SerdNodeType type, const SerdStringView str)
{
  if (type != SERD_BLANK && type != SERD_CURIE && type != SERD_URI) {
    return NULL;
  }

  SerdNodeFlags flags   = 0;
  const size_t  n_bytes = str.buf ? serd_strlen(str.buf, &flags) : 0;
  SerdNode*     node    = serd_node_malloc(n_bytes, flags, type);

  memcpy(serd_node_buffer(node), str.buf, n_bytes);
  node->n_bytes = n_bytes;

  serd_node_check_padding(node);
  return node;
}

SerdNode*
serd_new_string(const SerdStringView str)
{
  SerdNodeFlags flags   = 0;
  const size_t  n_bytes = serd_substrlen(str.buf, str.len, &flags);
  SerdNode*     node    = serd_node_malloc(n_bytes, flags, SERD_LITERAL);

  memcpy(serd_node_buffer(node), str.buf, str.len);
  node->n_bytes = n_bytes;

  serd_node_check_padding(node);
  return node;
}

/// Internal pre-measured implementation of serd_new_plain_literal
static SerdNode*
serd_new_plain_literal_i(const SerdStringView str,
                         SerdNodeFlags        flags,
                         const SerdStringView lang)
{
  assert(str.len);
  assert(lang.len);

  flags |= SERD_HAS_LANGUAGE;

  const size_t len       = serd_node_pad_size(str.len);
  const size_t total_len = len + sizeof(SerdNode) + lang.len;

  SerdNode* node = serd_node_malloc(total_len, flags, SERD_LITERAL);
  memcpy(serd_node_buffer(node), str.buf, str.len);
  node->n_bytes = str.len;

  SerdNode* lang_node = node + 1 + (len / sizeof(SerdNode));
  lang_node->type     = SERD_LITERAL;
  lang_node->n_bytes  = lang.len;
  memcpy(serd_node_buffer(lang_node), lang.buf, lang.len);
  serd_node_check_padding(lang_node);

  serd_node_check_padding(node);
  return node;
}

/// Internal pre-measured implementation of serd_new_typed_literal
static SerdNode*
serd_new_typed_literal_i(const SerdStringView str,
                         SerdNodeFlags        flags,
                         const SerdStringView datatype_uri)
{
  assert(str.len);
  assert(datatype_uri.len);
  assert(strcmp(datatype_uri.buf, NS_RDF "langString"));

  flags |= SERD_HAS_DATATYPE;

  const size_t len       = serd_node_pad_size(str.len);
  const size_t total_len = len + sizeof(SerdNode) + datatype_uri.len;

  SerdNode* node = serd_node_malloc(total_len, flags, SERD_LITERAL);
  memcpy(serd_node_buffer(node), str.buf, str.len);
  node->n_bytes = str.len;

  SerdNode* datatype_node = node + 1 + (len / sizeof(SerdNode));
  datatype_node->n_bytes  = datatype_uri.len;
  datatype_node->type     = SERD_URI;
  memcpy(serd_node_buffer(datatype_node), datatype_uri.buf, datatype_uri.len);
  serd_node_check_padding(datatype_node);

  serd_node_check_padding(node);
  return node;
}

SerdNode*
serd_new_plain_literal(const SerdStringView str, const SerdStringView lang)
{
  if (!lang.len) {
    return serd_new_string(str);
  }

  SerdNodeFlags flags = 0;
  serd_strlen(str.buf, &flags);

  return serd_new_plain_literal_i(str, flags, lang);
}

SerdNode*
serd_new_typed_literal(const SerdStringView str,
                       const SerdStringView datatype_uri)
{
  if (!datatype_uri.len) {
    return serd_new_string(str);
  }

  if (!strcmp(datatype_uri.buf, NS_RDF "langString")) {
    return NULL;
  }

  SerdNodeFlags flags = 0;
  serd_strlen(str.buf, &flags);

  return serd_new_typed_literal_i(str, flags, datatype_uri);
}

SerdNode*
serd_new_blank(const SerdStringView str)
{
  return serd_new_simple_node(SERD_BLANK, str);
}

SerdNode*
serd_new_curie(const SerdStringView str)
{
  return serd_new_simple_node(SERD_CURIE, str);
}

SerdNode*
serd_node_copy(const SerdNode* node)
{
  if (!node) {
    return NULL;
  }

  const size_t size = serd_node_total_size(node);
  SerdNode*    copy = (SerdNode*)calloc(1, size + 3);

  memcpy(copy, node, size);
  return copy;
}

bool
serd_node_equals(const SerdNode* a, const SerdNode* b)
{
  if (a == b) {
    return true;
  }

  if (!a || !b) {
    return false;
  }

  const size_t a_size = serd_node_total_size(a);
  return serd_node_total_size(b) == a_size && !memcmp(a, b, a_size);
}

static size_t
serd_uri_string_length(const SerdURIView* uri)
{
  size_t len = uri->path_prefix.len;

#define ADD_LEN(field, n_delims)     \
  if ((field).len) {                 \
    len += (field).len + (n_delims); \
  }

  ADD_LEN(uri->path, 1)      // + possible leading `/'
  ADD_LEN(uri->scheme, 1)    // + trailing `:'
  ADD_LEN(uri->authority, 2) // + leading `//'
  ADD_LEN(uri->query, 1)     // + leading `?'
  ADD_LEN(uri->fragment, 1)  // + leading `#'

  return len + 2; // + 2 for authority `//'
}

static size_t
string_sink(const void* buf, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void* stream)
{
  char** ptr = (char**)stream;
  memcpy(*ptr, buf, size * nmemb);
  *ptr += size * nmemb;
  return nmemb;
}

SerdNode*
serd_new_uri(const SerdStringView str)
{
  return serd_new_simple_node(SERD_URI, str);
}

SerdNode*
serd_new_parsed_uri(const SerdURIView uri)
{
  const size_t    len        = serd_uri_string_length(&uri);
  SerdNode* const node       = serd_node_malloc(len, 0, SERD_URI);
  char*           ptr        = serd_node_buffer(node);
  const size_t    actual_len = serd_write_uri(uri, string_sink, &ptr);

  serd_node_buffer(node)[actual_len] = '\0';
  node->n_bytes                      = actual_len;

  serd_node_check_padding(node);
  return node;
}

static SerdNode*
serd_new_from_uri(const SerdURIView uri, const SerdURIView base)
{
  const SerdURIView abs_uri    = serd_resolve_uri(uri, base);
  const size_t      len        = serd_uri_string_length(&abs_uri);
  SerdNode*         node       = serd_node_malloc(len, 0, SERD_URI);
  char*             ptr        = serd_node_buffer(node);
  const size_t      actual_len = serd_write_uri(abs_uri, string_sink, &ptr);

  serd_node_buffer(node)[actual_len] = '\0';
  node->n_bytes                      = actual_len;

  serd_node_check_padding(node);
  return node;
}

SerdNode*
serd_new_resolved_uri(const SerdStringView string, const SerdURIView base)
{
  if (!string.len || !string.buf[0]) {
    // Empty URI => Base URI, or nothing if no base is given
    return base.scheme.buf ? serd_new_from_uri(base, SERD_URI_NULL) : NULL;
  }

  const SerdURIView uri    = serd_parse_uri(string.buf);
  SerdNode* const   result = serd_new_from_uri(uri, base);

  if (!serd_uri_string_has_scheme(serd_node_string(result))) {
    serd_node_free(result);
    return NULL;
  }

  serd_node_check_padding(result);
  return result;
}

static inline bool
is_uri_path_char(const char c)
{
  if (is_alpha(c) || is_digit(c)) {
    return true;
  }

  switch (c) {
  // unreserved:
  case '-':
  case '.':
  case '_':
  case '~':
  // pchar:
  case ':':
  case '@':
  // separator:
  case '/':
  // sub-delimeters:
  case '!':
  case '$':
  case '&':
  case '\'':
  case '(':
  case ')':
  case '*':
  case '+':
  case ',':
  case ';':
  case '=':
    return true;
  default:
    return false;
  }
}

SerdNode*
serd_new_file_uri(const SerdStringView path, const SerdStringView hostname)
{
  const bool is_windows = is_windows_path(path.buf);
  size_t     uri_len    = 0;
  char*      uri        = NULL;

  if (path.buf[0] == '/' || is_windows) {
    uri_len = strlen("file://") + hostname.len + is_windows;
    uri     = (char*)calloc(uri_len + 1, 1);

    memcpy(uri, "file://", 7);

    if (hostname.len) {
      memcpy(uri + 7, hostname.buf, hostname.len + 1);
    }

    if (is_windows) {
      uri[7 + hostname.len] = '/';
    }
  }

  SerdBuffer buffer = {uri, uri_len};
  for (size_t i = 0; i < path.len; ++i) {
    if (is_windows && path.buf[i] == '\\') {
      serd_buffer_sink("/", 1, 1, &buffer);
    } else if (path.buf[i] == '%') {
      serd_buffer_sink("%%", 1, 2, &buffer);
    } else if (is_uri_path_char(path.buf[i])) {
      serd_buffer_sink(path.buf + i, 1, 1, &buffer);
    } else {
      char escape_str[10] = {'%', 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
      snprintf(
        escape_str + 1, sizeof(escape_str) - 1, "%X", (unsigned)path.buf[i]);
      serd_buffer_sink(escape_str, 1, 3, &buffer);
    }
  }
  serd_buffer_sink_finish(&buffer);

  SerdNode* node =
    serd_new_uri(SERD_STRING_VIEW((const char*)buffer.buf, buffer.len - 1));

  free(buffer.buf);
  serd_node_check_padding(node);
  return node;
}

typedef size_t (*SerdWriteLiteralFunc)(const void* const user_data,
                                       const size_t      buf_size,
                                       char* const       buf);

static SerdNode*
serd_new_custom_literal(const void* const     user_data,
                        const size_t          len,
                        SerdWriteLiteralFunc  write,
                        const SerdNode* const datatype)
{
  if (len == 0 || !write) {
    return NULL;
  }

  const size_t datatype_size = serd_node_total_size(datatype);
  const size_t total_size    = serd_node_pad_size(len + 1) + datatype_size;

  SerdNode* const node = serd_node_malloc(
    total_size, datatype ? SERD_HAS_DATATYPE : 0, SERD_LITERAL);

  node->n_bytes = write(user_data, len + 1, serd_node_buffer(node));
  if (node->n_bytes == 0 || node->n_bytes > len) {
    serd_node_free(node);
    return NULL;
  }

  if (datatype) {
    memcpy(serd_node_meta(node), datatype, datatype_size);
  }

  serd_node_check_padding(node);
  return node;
}

SerdNode*
serd_new_double(const double d)
{
  char buf[EXESS_MAX_DOUBLE_LENGTH + 1] = {0};

  const ExessResult r = exess_write_double(d, sizeof(buf), buf);

  return r.status
           ? NULL
           : serd_new_typed_literal(SERD_STRING_VIEW(buf, r.count),
                                    SERD_STATIC_STRING(EXESS_XSD_URI "double"));
}

SerdNode*
serd_new_float(const float f)
{
  char buf[EXESS_MAX_FLOAT_LENGTH + 1] = {0};

  const ExessResult r = exess_write_float(f, sizeof(buf), buf);

  return r.status
           ? NULL
           : serd_new_typed_literal(SERD_STRING_VIEW(buf, r.count),
                                    SERD_STATIC_STRING(EXESS_XSD_URI "float"));
}

static size_t
write_variant_literal(const void* const user_data,
                      const size_t      buf_size,
                      char* const       buf)
{
  const ExessVariant value = *(const ExessVariant*)user_data;
  const ExessResult  r     = exess_write_variant(value, buf_size, buf);

  return r.status ? 0 : r.count;
}

SerdNode*
serd_new_boolean(bool b)
{
  return serd_new_typed_literal(b ? SERD_STATIC_STRING("true")
                                  : SERD_STATIC_STRING("false"),
                                serd_node_string_view(&serd_xsd_boolean.node));
}

SerdNode*
serd_new_decimal(const double d, const SerdNode* const datatype)
{
  // Use given datatype, or xsd:decimal as a default if it is null
  const SerdNode* type      = datatype ? datatype : &serd_xsd_decimal.node;
  const size_t    type_size = serd_node_total_size(type);

  // Measure integer string to know how much space the node will need
  ExessResult r = exess_write_decimal(d, 0, NULL);
  if (r.status) {
    return NULL;
  }

  // Allocate node with enough space for value and datatype URI
  SerdNode* const node =
    serd_node_malloc(serd_node_pad_size(r.count + 1) + type_size,
                     SERD_HAS_DATATYPE,
                     SERD_LITERAL);

  // Write string directly into node
  r = exess_write_decimal(d, r.count + 1, serd_node_buffer(node));
  if (r.status) {
    free(node);
    return NULL;
  }

  node->n_bytes = r.count;
  memcpy(serd_node_meta(node), type, type_size);
  serd_node_check_padding(node);
  return node;
}

SerdNode*
serd_new_integer(int64_t i, const SerdNode* datatype)
{
  const ExessVariant variant = exess_make_long(i);
  const size_t       len     = exess_write_variant(variant, 0, NULL).count;
  const SerdNode*    type    = datatype ? datatype : &serd_xsd_integer.node;

  return serd_new_custom_literal(&variant, len, write_variant_literal, type);
}

static size_t
write_base64_literal(const void* const user_data,
                     const size_t      buf_size,
                     char* const       buf)
{
  const SerdConstBuffer blob = *(const SerdConstBuffer*)user_data;

  const ExessResult r = exess_write_base64(blob.len, blob.buf, buf_size, buf);

  return r.status ? 0 : r.count;
}

SerdNode*
serd_new_blob(const void* buf, size_t size, const SerdNode* datatype)
{
  const size_t    len  = exess_write_base64(size, buf, 0, NULL).count;
  const SerdNode* type = datatype ? datatype : &serd_xsd_base64Binary.node;
  SerdConstBuffer blob = {buf, size};

  return serd_new_custom_literal(&blob, len, write_base64_literal, type);
}

SerdNodeType
serd_node_type(const SerdNode* node)
{
  return node->type;
}

const char*
serd_node_string(const SerdNode* node)
{
  return (const char*)(node + 1);
}

size_t
serd_node_length(const SerdNode* node)
{
  return node->n_bytes;
}

SerdStringView
serd_node_string_view(const SerdNode* SERD_NONNULL node)
{
  static const SerdStringView empty_string_view = {"", 0};

  if (!node) {
    return empty_string_view;
  }

  const SerdStringView result = {(const char*)(node + 1), node->n_bytes};

  return result;
}

SerdURIView
serd_node_uri_view(const SerdNode* SERD_NONNULL node)
{
  return (node->type == SERD_URI) ? serd_parse_uri(serd_node_string(node))
                                  : SERD_URI_NULL;
}

const SerdNode*
serd_node_datatype(const SerdNode* node)
{
  if (!node || !(node->flags & SERD_HAS_DATATYPE)) {
    return NULL;
  }

  const SerdNode* const datatype = serd_node_meta_c(node);
  assert(datatype->type == SERD_URI || datatype->type == SERD_CURIE);
  return datatype;
}

const SerdNode*
serd_node_language(const SerdNode* node)
{
  if (!node || !(node->flags & SERD_HAS_LANGUAGE)) {
    return NULL;
  }

  const SerdNode* const lang = serd_node_meta_c(node);
  assert(lang->type == SERD_LITERAL);
  return lang;
}

SerdNodeFlags
serd_node_flags(const SerdNode* node)
{
  return node->flags;
}

void
serd_node_free(SerdNode* node)
{
  free(node);
}