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+/*
+ This file is part of Ingen.
+ Copyright 2007-2017 David Robillard <http://drobilla.net/>
+
+ Ingen is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
+ terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by the Free
+ Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or any later version.
+
+ Ingen is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
+ WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR
+ A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Affero General Public License for details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
+ along with Ingen. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+/** @page protocol Ingen Protocol
+ * @tableofcontents
+ *
+ * @section introduction Controlling Ingen
+ *
+ * Ingen is controlled via a simple RDF-based protocol. This conceptual
+ * protocol can be used in two concrete ways:
+ *
+ * 1. When Ingen is running as a process, a socket accepts messages in
+ * (textual) Turtle syntax, and responds in the same syntax. Transfers are
+ * delimited by null characters in the stream, so the client knows when to
+ * finish parsing to interpret responses. By default, Ingen listens on
+ * unix:///tmp/ingen.sock and tcp://localhost:16180
+ *
+ * 2. When Ingen is running as an LV2 plugin, the control and notify ports
+ * accept and respond using (binary) LV2 atoms. Messages are read and written
+ * as events with atom:Object bodies. The standard rules for LV2 event
+ * transmission apply, but note that the graph manipulations described here are
+ * executed asynchronously and not with sample accuracy, so the response may
+ * come at a later frame or cycle.
+ *
+ * For documentation purposes, this page discusses messages in Turtle syntax,
+ * but the same protocol is used in the LV2 case, just in a more compact binary
+ * encoding.
+ *
+ * Conceptually, Ingen represents a tree of objects, each of which has a path
+ * (like /main/in or /main/osc/out) and a set of properties. A property is a
+ * URI key and some value. All changes to Ingen are represented as
+ * manipulations of this tree of dictionaries. The core of the protocol is
+ * based on the LV2 patch extension, which defines several messages for
+ * manipulating data in this model which resemble HTTP methods.
+ */
+
+#include <cassert>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <string>
+
+#include <boost/variant/apply_visitor.hpp>
+
+#include "ingen/AtomSink.hpp"
+#include "ingen/AtomWriter.hpp"
+#include "ingen/Node.hpp"
+#include "ingen/URIMap.hpp"
+#include "raul/Path.hpp"
+#include "serd/serd.h"
+
+namespace ingen {
+
+AtomWriter::AtomWriter(URIMap& map, URIs& uris, AtomSink& sink)
+ : _map(map)
+ , _uris(uris)
+ , _sink(sink)
+{
+ lv2_atom_forge_init(&_forge, &map.urid_map_feature()->urid_map);
+ _out.set_forge_sink(&_forge);
+}
+
+void
+AtomWriter::finish_msg()
+{
+ assert(!_forge.stack);
+ _sink.write(_out.atom());
+ _out.clear();
+}
+
+void
+AtomWriter::message(const Message& message)
+{
+ boost::apply_visitor(*this, message);
+}
+
+/** @page protocol
+ * @subsection Bundles
+ *
+ * An [ingen:BundleStart](http://drobilla.net/ns/ingen#BundleStart) marks the
+ * start of a bundle in the operation stream. A bundle groups a series of
+ * messages for coarse-grained undo or atomic execution.
+ *
+ * @code{.ttl}
+ * [] a ingen:BundleStart .
+ * @endcode
+
+ * An [ingen:BundleEnd](http://drobilla.net/ns/ingen#BundleEnd) marks the end
+ * of a bundle in the operation stream.
+ *
+ * @code{.ttl}
+ * [] a ingen:BundleEnd .
+ * @endcode
+ */
+void
+AtomWriter::operator()(const BundleBegin& message)
+{
+ LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame msg;
+ forge_request(&msg, _uris.ingen_BundleStart, message.seq);
+ lv2_atom_forge_pop(&_forge, &msg);
+ finish_msg();
+}
+
+void
+AtomWriter::operator()(const BundleEnd& message)
+{
+ LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame msg;
+ forge_request(&msg, _uris.ingen_BundleEnd, message.seq);
+ lv2_atom_forge_pop(&_forge, &msg);
+ finish_msg();
+}
+
+void
+AtomWriter::forge_uri(const URI& uri)
+{
+ if (serd_uri_string_has_scheme((const uint8_t*)uri.c_str())) {
+ lv2_atom_forge_urid(&_forge, _map.map_uri(uri.c_str()));
+ } else {
+ lv2_atom_forge_uri(&_forge, uri.c_str(), uri.length());
+ }
+}
+
+void
+AtomWriter::forge_properties(const Properties& properties)
+{
+ for (auto p : properties) {
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _map.map_uri(p.first.c_str()));
+ if (p.second.type() == _forge.URI) {
+ forge_uri(URI(p.second.ptr<char>()));
+ } else {
+ lv2_atom_forge_atom(&_forge, p.second.size(), p.second.type());
+ lv2_atom_forge_write(&_forge, p.second.get_body(), p.second.size());
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+void
+AtomWriter::forge_arc(const Raul::Path& tail, const Raul::Path& head)
+{
+ LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame arc;
+ lv2_atom_forge_object(&_forge, &arc, 0, _uris.ingen_Arc);
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.ingen_tail);
+ forge_uri(path_to_uri(tail));
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.ingen_head);
+ forge_uri(path_to_uri(head));
+ lv2_atom_forge_pop(&_forge, &arc);
+}
+
+void
+AtomWriter::forge_request(LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame* frame, LV2_URID type, int32_t id)
+{
+ lv2_atom_forge_object(&_forge, frame, 0, type);
+
+ if (id) {
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_sequenceNumber);
+ lv2_atom_forge_int(&_forge, id);
+ }
+}
+
+void
+AtomWriter::forge_context(Resource::Graph ctx)
+{
+ switch (ctx) {
+ case Resource::Graph::EXTERNAL:
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_context);
+ forge_uri(_uris.ingen_externalContext);
+ break;
+ case Resource::Graph::INTERNAL:
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_context);
+ forge_uri(_uris.ingen_internalContext);
+ break;
+ default: break;
+ }
+}
+
+/** @page protocol
+ * @section methods Methods
+ * @subsection Put
+ *
+ * Send a [Put](http://lv2plug.in/ns/ext/patch#Put) to set properties on an
+ * object, creating it if necessary.
+ *
+ * If the object already exists, all existing object properties with keys that
+ * match any property in the message are first removed. Other properties are
+ * left unchanged.
+ *
+ * If the object does not yet exist, the message must contain sufficient
+ * information to create it, including at least one rdf:type property.
+ *
+ * @code{.ttl}
+ * []
+ * a patch:Put ;
+ * patch:subject </main/osc> ;
+ * patch:body [
+ * a ingen:Block ;
+ * lv2:prototype <http: //drobilla.net/plugins/mda/Shepard>
+ * ] .
+ * @endcode
+ */
+void
+AtomWriter::operator()(const Put& message)
+{
+ LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame msg;
+ forge_request(&msg, _uris.patch_Put, message.seq);
+ forge_context(message.ctx);
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_subject);
+ forge_uri(message.uri);
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_body);
+
+ LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame body;
+ lv2_atom_forge_object(&_forge, &body, 0, 0);
+ forge_properties(message.properties);
+ lv2_atom_forge_pop(&_forge, &body);
+
+ lv2_atom_forge_pop(&_forge, &msg);
+ finish_msg();
+}
+
+/** @page protocol
+ * @subsection Patch
+ *
+ * Send a [Patch](http://lv2plug.in/ns/ext/patch#Patch) to manipulate the
+ * properties of an object. A set of properties are first removed, then
+ * another is added. Analogous to WebDAV PROPPATCH.
+ *
+ * The special value [patch:wildcard](http://lv2plug.in/ns/ext/patch#wildcard)
+ * may be used to specify that any value with the given key should be removed.
+ *
+ * @code{.ttl}
+ * []
+ * a patch:Patch ;
+ * patch:subject </main/osc> ;
+ * patch:add [
+ * lv2:name "Osckillator" ;
+ * ingen:canvasX 32.0 ;
+ * ingen:canvasY 32.0 ;
+ * ] ;
+ * patch:remove [
+ * eg:name "Old name" ; # Remove specific value
+ * ingen:canvasX patch:wildcard ; # Remove all
+ * ingen:canvasY patch:wildcard ; # Remove all
+ * ] .
+ * @endcode
+ */
+void
+AtomWriter::operator()(const Delta& message)
+{
+ LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame msg;
+ forge_request(&msg, _uris.patch_Patch, message.seq);
+ forge_context(message.ctx);
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_subject);
+ forge_uri(message.uri);
+
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_remove);
+ LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame remove_obj;
+ lv2_atom_forge_object(&_forge, &remove_obj, 0, 0);
+ forge_properties(message.remove);
+ lv2_atom_forge_pop(&_forge, &remove_obj);
+
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_add);
+ LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame add_obj;
+ lv2_atom_forge_object(&_forge, &add_obj, 0, 0);
+ forge_properties(message.add);
+ lv2_atom_forge_pop(&_forge, &add_obj);
+
+ lv2_atom_forge_pop(&_forge, &msg);
+ finish_msg();
+}
+
+/** @page protocol
+ * @subsection Copy
+ *
+ * Send a [Copy](http://lv2plug.in/ns/ext/copy#Copy) to copy an object from
+ * its current location (subject) to another (destination).
+ *
+ * If both the subject and destination are inside Ingen, like block paths, then the old object
+ * is copied by, for example, creating a new plugin instance.
+ *
+ * If the subject is a filename (file URI or atom:Path) and the destination is
+ * inside Ingen, then the subject must be an Ingen graph file or bundle, which
+ * is loaded to the specified destination path.
+ *
+ * If the subject is inside Ingen and the destination is a filename, then the
+ * subject is saved to an Ingen bundle at the given destination.
+ *
+ * @code{.ttl}
+ * []
+ * a patch:Copy ;
+ * patch:subject </main/osc> ;
+ * patch:destination </main/osc2> .
+ * @endcode
+ */
+void
+AtomWriter::operator()(const Copy& message)
+{
+ LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame msg;
+ forge_request(&msg, _uris.patch_Copy, message.seq);
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_subject);
+ forge_uri(message.old_uri);
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_destination);
+ forge_uri(message.new_uri);
+ lv2_atom_forge_pop(&_forge, &msg);
+ finish_msg();
+}
+
+/** @page protocol
+ * @subsection Move
+ *
+ * Send a [Move](http://lv2plug.in/ns/ext/move#Move) to move an object from its
+ * current location (subject) to another (destination).
+ *
+ * Both subject and destination must be paths in Ingen with the same parent,
+ * moving between graphs is currently not supported.
+ *
+ * @code{.ttl}
+ * []
+ * a patch:Move ;
+ * patch:subject </main/osc> ;
+ * patch:destination </main/osc2> .
+ * @endcode
+ */
+void
+AtomWriter::operator()(const Move& message)
+{
+ LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame msg;
+ forge_request(&msg, _uris.patch_Move, message.seq);
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_subject);
+ forge_uri(path_to_uri(message.old_path));
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_destination);
+ forge_uri(path_to_uri(message.new_path));
+ lv2_atom_forge_pop(&_forge, &msg);
+ finish_msg();
+}
+
+/** @page protocol
+ * @subsection Delete
+ *
+ * Send a [Delete](http://lv2plug.in/ns/ext/delete#Delete) to remove an
+ * object from the engine and destroy it.
+ *
+ * All properties of the object are lost, as are all references to the object
+ * (e.g. any connections to it).
+ *
+ * @code{.ttl}
+ * []
+ * a patch:Delete ;
+ * patch:subject </main/osc> .
+ * @endcode
+ */
+void
+AtomWriter::operator()(const Del& message)
+{
+ LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame msg;
+ forge_request(&msg, _uris.patch_Delete, message.seq);
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_subject);
+ forge_uri(message.uri);
+ lv2_atom_forge_pop(&_forge, &msg);
+ finish_msg();
+}
+
+/** @page protocol
+ * @subsection Set
+ *
+ * Send a [Set](http://lv2plug.in/ns/ext/patch#Set) to set a property on an
+ * object. Any existing value for that property is removed.
+ *
+ * @code{.ttl}
+ * []
+ * a patch:Set ;
+ * patch:subject </main/osc> ;
+ * patch:property lv2:name ;
+ * patch:value "Oscwellator" .
+ * @endcode
+ */
+void
+AtomWriter::operator()(const SetProperty& message)
+{
+ LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame msg;
+ forge_request(&msg, _uris.patch_Set, message.seq);
+ forge_context(message.ctx);
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_subject);
+ forge_uri(message.subject);
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_property);
+ lv2_atom_forge_urid(&_forge, _map.map_uri(message.predicate.c_str()));
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_value);
+ lv2_atom_forge_atom(&_forge, message.value.size(), message.value.type());
+ lv2_atom_forge_write(&_forge, message.value.get_body(), message.value.size());
+
+ lv2_atom_forge_pop(&_forge, &msg);
+ finish_msg();
+}
+
+/** @page protocol
+ * @subsection Undo
+ *
+ * Use [ingen:Undo](http://drobilla.net/ns/ingen#Undo) to undo the last change
+ * to the engine. Undo transactions can be delimited using bundle markers, if
+ * the last operations(s) received were in a bundle, then an Undo will undo the
+ * effects of that entire bundle.
+ *
+ * @code{.ttl}
+ * [] a ingen:Undo .
+ * @endcode
+ */
+void
+AtomWriter::operator()(const Undo& message)
+{
+ LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame msg;
+ forge_request(&msg, _uris.ingen_Undo, message.seq);
+ lv2_atom_forge_pop(&_forge, &msg);
+ finish_msg();
+}
+
+/** @page protocol
+ * @subsection Undo
+ *
+ * Use [ingen:Redo](http://drobilla.net/ns/ingen#Redo) to redo the last undone change.
+ *
+ * @code{.ttl}
+ * [] a ingen:Redo .
+ * @endcode
+ */
+void
+AtomWriter::operator()(const Redo& message)
+{
+ LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame msg;
+ forge_request(&msg, _uris.ingen_Redo, message.seq);
+ lv2_atom_forge_pop(&_forge, &msg);
+ finish_msg();
+}
+
+/** @page protocol
+ * @subsection Get
+ *
+ * Send a [Get](http://lv2plug.in/ns/ext/patch#Get) to get the description
+ * of the subject.
+ *
+ * @code{.ttl}
+ * []
+ * a patch:Get ;
+ * patch:subject </main/osc> .
+ * @endcode
+ */
+void
+AtomWriter::operator()(const Get& message)
+{
+ LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame msg;
+ forge_request(&msg, _uris.patch_Get, message.seq);
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_subject);
+ forge_uri(message.subject);
+ lv2_atom_forge_pop(&_forge, &msg);
+ finish_msg();
+}
+
+/** @page protocol
+ *
+ * @section arcs Arc Manipulation
+ */
+
+/** @page protocol
+ * @subsection Connect Connecting Ports
+ *
+ * Ports are connected by putting an arc with the desired tail (an output port)
+ * and head (an input port). The tail and head must both be within the
+ * subject, which must be a graph.
+ *
+ * @code{.ttl}
+ * []
+ * a patch:Put ;
+ * patch:subject </main/> ;
+ * patch:body [
+ * a ingen:Arc ;
+ * ingen:tail </main/osc/out> ;
+ * ingen:head </main/filt/in> ;
+ * ] .
+ * @endcode
+ */
+void
+AtomWriter::operator()(const Connect& message)
+{
+ LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame msg;
+ forge_request(&msg, _uris.patch_Put, message.seq);
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_subject);
+ forge_uri(path_to_uri(Raul::Path::lca(message.tail, message.head)));
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_body);
+ forge_arc(message.tail, message.head);
+ lv2_atom_forge_pop(&_forge, &msg);
+ finish_msg();
+}
+
+/** @page protocol
+ * @subsection Disconnect Disconnecting Ports
+ *
+ * Ports are disconnected by deleting the arc between them. The description of
+ * the arc is the same as in the put command used to create the connection.
+ *
+ * @code{.ttl}
+ * []
+ * a patch:Delete ;
+ * patch:body [
+ * a ingen:Arc ;
+ * ingen:tail </main/osc/out> ;
+ * ingen:head </main/filt/in> ;
+ * ] .
+ * @endcode
+ */
+void
+AtomWriter::operator()(const Disconnect& message)
+{
+ LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame msg;
+ forge_request(&msg, _uris.patch_Delete, message.seq);
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_body);
+ forge_arc(message.tail, message.head);
+ lv2_atom_forge_pop(&_forge, &msg);
+ finish_msg();
+}
+
+/** @page protocol
+ * @subsection DisconnectAll Fully Disconnecting Anything
+ *
+ * All arcs to or from anything can be removed by giving the special property
+ * ingen:incidentTo rather than a specific head and tail. This works for both
+ * ports and blocks (where the effect is to disconnect everything from ports on
+ * that block).
+ *
+ * @code{.ttl}
+ * []
+ * a patch:Delete ;
+ * patch:subject </main> ;
+ * patch:body [
+ * a ingen:Arc ;
+ * ingen:incidentTo </main/osc/out>
+ * ] .
+ * @endcode
+ */
+void
+AtomWriter::operator()(const DisconnectAll& message)
+{
+ LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame msg;
+ forge_request(&msg, _uris.patch_Delete, message.seq);
+
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_subject);
+ forge_uri(path_to_uri(message.graph));
+
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_body);
+ LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame arc;
+ lv2_atom_forge_object(&_forge, &arc, 0, _uris.ingen_Arc);
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.ingen_incidentTo);
+ forge_uri(path_to_uri(message.path));
+ lv2_atom_forge_pop(&_forge, &arc);
+
+ lv2_atom_forge_pop(&_forge, &msg);
+ finish_msg();
+}
+
+/** @page protocol
+ * @section Responses
+ *
+ * Ingen responds to requests if the patch:sequenceNumber property is set. For
+ * example:
+ * @code{.ttl}
+ * []
+ * a patch:Get ;
+ * patch:sequenceNumber 42 ;
+ * patch:subject </main/osc> .
+ * @endcode
+ *
+ * Might receive a response like:
+ * @code{.ttl}
+ * []
+ * a patch:Response ;
+ * patch:sequenceNumber 42 ;
+ * patch:subject </main/osc> ;
+ * patch:body 0 .
+ * @endcode
+ *
+ * Where 0 is a status code, 0 meaning success and any other value being an
+ * error. Information about status codes, including error message strings,
+ * are defined in ingen.lv2/errors.ttl.
+ *
+ * Note that a response is only a status response, operations that manipulate
+ * the graph may generate new data on the stream, e.g. the above get request
+ * would also receive a put that describes /main/osc in the stream immediately
+ * following the response.
+ */
+void
+AtomWriter::operator()(const Response& response)
+{
+ const auto& subject = response.subject;
+ if (!response.id) {
+ return;
+ }
+
+ LV2_Atom_Forge_Frame msg;
+ forge_request(&msg, _uris.patch_Response, 0);
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_sequenceNumber);
+ lv2_atom_forge_int(&_forge, response.id);
+ if (!subject.empty()) {
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_subject);
+ lv2_atom_forge_uri(&_forge, subject.c_str(), subject.length());
+ }
+ lv2_atom_forge_key(&_forge, _uris.patch_body);
+ lv2_atom_forge_int(&_forge, static_cast<int>(response.status));
+ lv2_atom_forge_pop(&_forge, &msg);
+ finish_msg();
+}
+
+void
+AtomWriter::operator()(const Error&)
+{
+}
+
+/** @page protocol
+ * @section loading Loading and Unloading Bundles
+ *
+ * The property ingen:loadedBundle on the engine can be used to load
+ * or unload bundles from Ingen's world. For example:
+ *
+ * @code{.ttl}
+ * # Load /old.lv2
+ * []
+ * a patch:Put ;
+ * patch:subject </> ;
+ * patch:body [
+ * ingen:loadedBundle <file:///old.lv2/>
+ * ] .
+ *
+ * # Replace /old.lv2 with /new.lv2
+ * []
+ * a patch:Patch ;
+ * patch:subject </> ;
+ * patch:remove [
+ * ingen:loadedBundle <file:///old.lv2/>
+ * ];
+ * patch:add [
+ * ingen:loadedBundle <file:///new.lv2/>
+ * ] .
+ * @endcode
+ */
+
+} // namespace ingen