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diff --git a/src/util.c b/src/util.c
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+++ b/src/util.c
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+/*
+ Copyright 2007-2016 David Robillard <http://drobilla.net>
+
+ Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
+ purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+ copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+
+ THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+ WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+ MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+ ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+ WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+ ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+ OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200809L /* for fileno */
+#define _BSD_SOURCE 1 /* for realpath, symlink */
+#define _DEFAULT_SOURCE 1 /* for realpath, symlink */
+
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+# define _DARWIN_C_SOURCE 1 /* for flock */
+#endif
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#ifndef _WIN32_WINNT
+# define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0600 /* for CreateSymbolicLink */
+#endif
+# include <windows.h>
+# include <direct.h>
+# include <io.h>
+# define F_OK 0
+# define mkdir(path, flags) _mkdir(path)
+# if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER <= 1400
+/** Implement 'CreateSymbolicLink()' for MSVC 8 or earlier */
+extern "C" BOOLEAN WINAPI
+CreateSymbolicLink(LPCTSTR linkpath, LPCTSTR targetpath, DWORD flags)
+{
+ typedef BOOLEAN (WINAPI* PFUNC)(LPCTSTR, LPCTSTR, DWORD);
+
+ PFUNC pfn = (PFUNC)GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle(TEXT("kernel32.dll")),
+ "CreateSymbolicLinkA");
+ return pfn ? pfn(linkpath, targetpath, flags) : 0;
+}
+# endif
+#else
+# include <dirent.h>
+# include <limits.h>
+# include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+#include "lilv_internal.h"
+
+#if defined(HAVE_FLOCK) && defined(HAVE_FILENO)
+# include <sys/file.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifndef PAGE_SIZE
+# define PAGE_SIZE 4096
+#endif
+
+void
+lilv_free(void* ptr)
+{
+ free(ptr);
+}
+
+char*
+lilv_strjoin(const char* first, ...)
+{
+ size_t len = strlen(first);
+ char* result = (char*)malloc(len + 1);
+
+ memcpy(result, first, len);
+
+ va_list args;
+ va_start(args, first);
+ while (1) {
+ const char* const s = va_arg(args, const char *);
+ if (s == NULL) {
+ break;
+ }
+
+ const size_t this_len = strlen(s);
+ char* new_result = (char*)realloc(result, len + this_len + 1);
+ if (!new_result) {
+ free(result);
+ return NULL;
+ }
+
+ result = new_result;
+ memcpy(result + len, s, this_len);
+ len += this_len;
+ }
+ va_end(args);
+
+ result[len] = '\0';
+
+ return result;
+}
+
+char*
+lilv_strdup(const char* str)
+{
+ if (!str) {
+ return NULL;
+ }
+
+ const size_t len = strlen(str);
+ char* copy = (char*)malloc(len + 1);
+ memcpy(copy, str, len + 1);
+ return copy;
+}
+
+const char*
+lilv_uri_to_path(const char* uri)
+{
+ return (const char*)serd_uri_to_path((const uint8_t*)uri);
+}
+
+char*
+lilv_file_uri_parse(const char* uri, char** hostname)
+{
+ return (char*)serd_file_uri_parse((const uint8_t*)uri, (uint8_t**)hostname);
+}
+
+/** Return the current LANG converted to Turtle (i.e. RFC3066) style.
+ * For example, if LANG is set to "en_CA.utf-8", this returns "en-ca".
+ */
+char*
+lilv_get_lang(void)
+{
+ const char* const env_lang = getenv("LANG");
+ if (!env_lang || !strcmp(env_lang, "")
+ || !strcmp(env_lang, "C") || !strcmp(env_lang, "POSIX")) {
+ return NULL;
+ }
+
+ const size_t env_lang_len = strlen(env_lang);
+ char* const lang = (char*)malloc(env_lang_len + 1);
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < env_lang_len + 1; ++i) {
+ if (env_lang[i] == '_') {
+ lang[i] = '-'; // Convert _ to -
+ } else if (env_lang[i] >= 'A' && env_lang[i] <= 'Z') {
+ lang[i] = env_lang[i] + ('a' - 'A'); // Convert to lowercase
+ } else if (env_lang[i] >= 'a' && env_lang[i] <= 'z') {
+ lang[i] = env_lang[i]; // Lowercase letter, copy verbatim
+ } else if (env_lang[i] >= '0' && env_lang[i] <= '9') {
+ lang[i] = env_lang[i]; // Digit, copy verbatim
+ } else if (env_lang[i] == '\0' || env_lang[i] == '.') {
+ // End, or start of suffix (e.g. en_CA.utf-8), finished
+ lang[i] = '\0';
+ break;
+ } else {
+ LILV_ERRORF("Illegal LANG `%s' ignored\n", env_lang);
+ free(lang);
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return lang;
+}
+
+/** Append suffix to dst, update dst_len, and return the realloc'd result. */
+static char*
+strappend(char* dst, size_t* dst_len, const char* suffix, size_t suffix_len)
+{
+ dst = (char*)realloc(dst, *dst_len + suffix_len + 1);
+ memcpy(dst + *dst_len, suffix, suffix_len);
+ dst[(*dst_len += suffix_len)] = '\0';
+ return dst;
+}
+
+/** Append the value of the environment variable var to dst. */
+static char*
+append_var(char* dst, size_t* dst_len, const char* var)
+{
+ // Get value from environment
+ const char* val = getenv(var);
+ if (val) { // Value found, append it
+ return strappend(dst, dst_len, val, strlen(val));
+ } else { // No value found, append variable reference as-is
+ return strappend(strappend(dst, dst_len, "$", 1),
+ dst_len, var, strlen(var));
+ }
+}
+
+/** Expand variables (e.g. POSIX ~ or $FOO, Windows %FOO%) in `path`. */
+char*
+lilv_expand(const char* path)
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ char* out = (char*)malloc(MAX_PATH);
+ ExpandEnvironmentStrings(path, out, MAX_PATH);
+#else
+ char* out = NULL;
+ size_t len = 0;
+
+ const char* start = path; // Start of current chunk to copy
+ for (const char* s = path; *s;) {
+ if (*s == '$') {
+ // Hit $ (variable reference, e.g. $VAR_NAME)
+ for (const char* t = s + 1; ; ++t) {
+ if (!*t || (!isupper(*t) && !isdigit(*t) && *t != '_')) {
+ // Append preceding chunk
+ out = strappend(out, &len, start, s - start);
+
+ // Append variable value (or $VAR_NAME if not found)
+ char* var = (char*)calloc(t - s, 1);
+ memcpy(var, s + 1, t - s - 1);
+ out = append_var(out, &len, var);
+ free(var);
+
+ // Continue after variable reference
+ start = s = t;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ } else if (*s == '~' && (*(s + 1) == '/' || !*(s + 1))) {
+ // Hit ~ before slash or end of string (home directory reference)
+ out = strappend(out, &len, start, s - start);
+ out = append_var(out, &len, "HOME");
+ start = ++s;
+ } else {
+ ++s;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (*start) {
+ out = strappend(out, &len, start, strlen(start));
+ }
+#endif
+
+ return out;
+}
+
+static bool
+lilv_is_dir_sep(const char c)
+{
+ return c == '/' || c == LILV_DIR_SEP[0];
+}
+
+char*
+lilv_dirname(const char* path)
+{
+ const char* s = path + strlen(path) - 1; // Last character
+ for (; s > path && lilv_is_dir_sep(*s); --s) {} // Last non-slash
+ for (; s > path && !lilv_is_dir_sep(*s); --s) {} // Last internal slash
+ for (; s > path && lilv_is_dir_sep(*s); --s) {} // Skip duplicates
+
+ if (s == path) { // Hit beginning
+ return lilv_is_dir_sep(*s) ? lilv_strdup("/") : lilv_strdup(".");
+ } else { // Pointing to the last character of the result (inclusive)
+ char* dirname = (char*)malloc(s - path + 2);
+ memcpy(dirname, path, s - path + 1);
+ dirname[s - path + 1] = '\0';
+ return dirname;
+ }
+}
+
+bool
+lilv_path_exists(const char* path, void* ignored)
+{
+#ifdef HAVE_LSTAT
+ struct stat st;
+ return !lstat(path, &st);
+#else
+ return !access(path, F_OK);
+#endif
+}
+
+char*
+lilv_find_free_path(const char* in_path,
+ bool (*exists)(const char*, void*), void* user_data)
+{
+ const size_t in_path_len = strlen(in_path);
+ char* path = (char*)malloc(in_path_len + 7);
+ memcpy(path, in_path, in_path_len + 1);
+
+ for (int i = 2; i < 1000000; ++i) {
+ if (!exists(path, user_data)) {
+ return path;
+ }
+ snprintf(path, in_path_len + 7, "%s.%u", in_path, i);
+ }
+
+ return NULL;
+}
+
+int
+lilv_copy_file(const char* src, const char* dst)
+{
+ FILE* in = fopen(src, "r");
+ if (!in) {
+ return errno;
+ }
+
+ FILE* out = fopen(dst, "w");
+ if (!out) {
+ fclose(in);
+ return errno;
+ }
+
+ char* page = (char*)malloc(PAGE_SIZE);
+ size_t n_read = 0;
+ int st = 0;
+ while ((n_read = fread(page, 1, PAGE_SIZE, in)) > 0) {
+ if (fwrite(page, 1, n_read, out) != n_read) {
+ st = errno;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (!st && (ferror(in) || ferror(out))) {
+ st = EBADF;
+ }
+
+ free(page);
+ fclose(in);
+ fclose(out);
+
+ return st;
+}
+
+bool
+lilv_path_is_absolute(const char* path)
+{
+ if (lilv_is_dir_sep(path[0])) {
+ return true;
+ }
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ if (isalpha(path[0]) && path[1] == ':' && lilv_is_dir_sep(path[2])) {
+ return true;
+ }
+#endif
+
+ return false;
+}
+
+char*
+lilv_path_absolute(const char* path)
+{
+ if (lilv_path_is_absolute(path)) {
+ return lilv_strdup(path);
+ } else {
+ char* cwd = getcwd(NULL, 0);
+ char* abs_path = lilv_path_join(cwd, path);
+ free(cwd);
+ return abs_path;
+ }
+}
+
+char*
+lilv_path_join(const char* a, const char* b)
+{
+ if (!a) {
+ return lilv_strdup(b);
+ }
+
+ const size_t a_len = strlen(a);
+ const size_t b_len = b ? strlen(b) : 0;
+ const size_t pre_len = a_len - (lilv_is_dir_sep(a[a_len - 1]) ? 1 : 0);
+ char* path = (char*)calloc(1, a_len + b_len + 2);
+ memcpy(path, a, pre_len);
+ path[pre_len] = '/';
+ if (b) {
+ memcpy(path + pre_len + 1,
+ b + (lilv_is_dir_sep(b[0]) ? 1 : 0),
+ lilv_is_dir_sep(b[0]) ? b_len - 1 : b_len);
+ }
+ return path;
+}
+
+typedef struct {
+ char* pattern;
+ time_t time;
+ char* latest;
+} Latest;
+
+static void
+update_latest(const char* path, const char* name, void* data)
+{
+ Latest* latest = (Latest*)data;
+ char* entry_path = lilv_path_join(path, name);
+ unsigned num;
+ if (sscanf(entry_path, latest->pattern, &num) == 1) {
+ struct stat st;
+ if (!stat(entry_path, &st)) {
+ if (st.st_mtime >= latest->time) {
+ free(latest->latest);
+ latest->latest = entry_path;
+ }
+ } else {
+ LILV_ERRORF("stat(%s) (%s)\n", path, strerror(errno));
+ }
+ }
+ if (entry_path != latest->latest) {
+ free(entry_path);
+ }
+}
+
+/** Return the latest copy of the file at `path` that is newer. */
+char*
+lilv_get_latest_copy(const char* path, const char* copy_path)
+{
+ char* copy_dir = lilv_dirname(copy_path);
+ Latest latest = { lilv_strjoin(copy_path, ".%u", NULL), 0, NULL };
+
+ struct stat st;
+ if (!stat(path, &st)) {
+ latest.time = st.st_mtime;
+ } else {
+ LILV_ERRORF("stat(%s) (%s)\n", path, strerror(errno));
+ }
+
+ lilv_dir_for_each(copy_dir, &latest, update_latest);
+
+ free(latest.pattern);
+ free(copy_dir);
+ return latest.latest;
+}
+
+char*
+lilv_realpath(const char* path)
+{
+ if (!path) {
+ return NULL;
+ }
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+ char* out = (char*)malloc(MAX_PATH);
+ GetFullPathName(path, MAX_PATH, out, NULL);
+ return out;
+#elif _POSIX_VERSION >= 200809L
+ char* real_path = realpath(path, NULL);
+ return real_path ? real_path : lilv_strdup(path);
+#else
+ // OSX <= 10.5, if anyone cares. I sure don't.
+ char* out = (char*)malloc(PATH_MAX);
+ char* real_path = realpath(path, out);
+ if (!real_path) {
+ free(out);
+ return lilv_strdup(path);
+ } else {
+ return real_path;
+ }
+#endif
+}
+
+int
+lilv_symlink(const char* oldpath, const char* newpath)
+{
+ int ret = 0;
+ if (strcmp(oldpath, newpath)) {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ ret = !CreateSymbolicLink(newpath, oldpath, 0);
+ if (ret) {
+ ret = !CreateHardLink(newpath, oldpath, 0);
+ }
+#else
+ ret = symlink(oldpath, newpath);
+#endif
+ }
+ if (ret) {
+ LILV_ERRORF("Failed to link %s => %s (%s)\n",
+ newpath, oldpath, strerror(errno));
+ }
+ return ret;
+}
+
+char*
+lilv_path_relative_to(const char* path, const char* base)
+{
+ const size_t path_len = strlen(path);
+ const size_t base_len = strlen(base);
+ const size_t min_len = (path_len < base_len) ? path_len : base_len;
+
+ // Find the last separator common to both paths
+ size_t last_shared_sep = 0;
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < min_len && path[i] == base[i]; ++i) {
+ if (lilv_is_dir_sep(path[i])) {
+ last_shared_sep = i;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (last_shared_sep == 0) {
+ // No common components, return path
+ return lilv_strdup(path);
+ }
+
+ // Find the number of up references ("..") required
+ size_t up = 0;
+ for (size_t i = last_shared_sep + 1; i < base_len; ++i) {
+ if (lilv_is_dir_sep(base[i])) {
+ ++up;
+ }
+ }
+
+ // Write up references
+ const size_t suffix_len = path_len - last_shared_sep;
+ char* rel = (char*)calloc(1, suffix_len + (up * 3) + 1);
+ for (size_t i = 0; i < up; ++i) {
+ memcpy(rel + (i * 3), "../", 3);
+ }
+
+ // Write suffix
+ memcpy(rel + (up * 3), path + last_shared_sep + 1, suffix_len);
+ return rel;
+}
+
+bool
+lilv_path_is_child(const char* path, const char* dir)
+{
+ if (path && dir) {
+ const size_t path_len = strlen(path);
+ const size_t dir_len = strlen(dir);
+ return dir && path_len >= dir_len && !strncmp(path, dir, dir_len);
+ }
+ return false;
+}
+
+int
+lilv_flock(FILE* file, bool lock)
+{
+#if defined(HAVE_FLOCK) && defined(HAVE_FILENO)
+ return flock(fileno(file), lock ? LOCK_EX : LOCK_UN);
+#else
+ return 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+void
+lilv_dir_for_each(const char* path,
+ void* data,
+ void (*f)(const char* path, const char* name, void* data))
+{
+#ifdef _WIN32
+ char* pat = lilv_path_join(path, "*");
+ WIN32_FIND_DATA fd;
+ HANDLE fh = FindFirstFile(pat, &fd);
+ if (fh != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
+ do {
+ f(path, fd.cFileName, data);
+ } while (FindNextFile(fh, &fd));
+ }
+ free(pat);
+#else
+ DIR* dir = opendir(path);
+ if (dir) {
+ for (struct dirent* entry; (entry = readdir(dir));) {
+ f(path, entry->d_name, data);
+ }
+ closedir(dir);
+ }
+#endif
+}
+
+int
+lilv_mkdir_p(const char* dir_path)
+{
+ char* path = lilv_strdup(dir_path);
+ const size_t path_len = strlen(path);
+ for (size_t i = 1; i <= path_len; ++i) {
+ if (path[i] == LILV_DIR_SEP[0] || path[i] == '\0') {
+ path[i] = '\0';
+ if (mkdir(path, 0755) && errno != EEXIST) {
+ free(path);
+ return errno;
+ }
+ path[i] = LILV_DIR_SEP[0];
+ }
+ }
+
+ free(path);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static off_t
+lilv_file_size(const char* path)
+{
+ struct stat buf;
+ if (stat(path, &buf)) {
+ LILV_ERRORF("stat(%s) (%s)\n", path, strerror(errno));
+ return 0;
+ }
+ return buf.st_size;
+}
+
+bool
+lilv_file_equals(const char* a_path, const char* b_path)
+{
+ if (!strcmp(a_path, b_path)) {
+ return true; // Paths match
+ }
+
+ bool match = false;
+ FILE* a_file = NULL;
+ FILE* b_file = NULL;
+ char* const a_real = lilv_realpath(a_path);
+ char* const b_real = lilv_realpath(b_path);
+ if (!strcmp(a_real, b_real)) {
+ match = true; // Real paths match
+ } else if (lilv_file_size(a_path) != lilv_file_size(b_path)) {
+ match = false; // Sizes differ
+ } else if (!(a_file = fopen(a_real, "rb")) ||
+ !(b_file = fopen(b_real, "rb"))) {
+ match = false; // Missing file matches nothing
+ } else {
+ // TODO: Improve performance by reading chunks
+ match = true;
+ while (!feof(a_file) && !feof(b_file)) {
+ if (fgetc(a_file) != fgetc(b_file)) {
+ match = false;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (a_file) {
+ fclose(a_file);
+ }
+ if (b_file) {
+ fclose(b_file);
+ }
+ free(a_real);
+ free(b_real);
+ return match;
+}