Consistently refer to C++ as "cpp" and fix installation

5 files changed, 1049 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/bindings/cpp/include/pugl/cairo.hpp b/bindings/cpp/include/pugl/cairo.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b42af0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bindings/cpp/include/pugl/cairo.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2012-2020 David Robillard <d@drobilla.net>
+
+  Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
+  purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+  copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+
+  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+  WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+  MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+  ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+  WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+  ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+  OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+#ifndef PUGL_CAIRO_HPP
+#define PUGL_CAIRO_HPP
+
+#include "pugl/cairo.h"
+#include "pugl/pugl.h"
+
+namespace pugl {
+
+/**
+   @defgroup cairopp Cairo
+   Cairo graphics support.
+   @ingroup puglpp
+   @{
+*/
+
+/// @copydoc puglCairoBackend
+inline const PuglBackend*
+cairoBackend() noexcept
+{
+  return puglCairoBackend();
+}
+
+/**
+   @}
+*/
+
+} // namespace pugl
+
+#endif // PUGL_CAIRO_HPP
diff --git a/bindings/cpp/include/pugl/gl.hpp b/bindings/cpp/include/pugl/gl.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e23a57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bindings/cpp/include/pugl/gl.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2012-2020 David Robillard <d@drobilla.net>
+
+  Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
+  purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+  copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+
+  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+  WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+  MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+  ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+  WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+  ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+  OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+#ifndef PUGL_GL_HPP
+#define PUGL_GL_HPP
+
+#include "pugl/gl.h"
+#include "pugl/pugl.h"
+#include "pugl/pugl.hpp"
+
+namespace pugl {
+
+/**
+   @defgroup glpp OpenGL
+   OpenGL graphics support.
+   @ingroup puglpp
+   @{
+*/
+
+/// @copydoc PuglGlFunc
+using GlFunc = PuglGlFunc;
+
+/// @copydoc puglGetProcAddress
+inline GlFunc
+getProcAddress(const char* name) noexcept
+{
+  return puglGetProcAddress(name);
+}
+
+/// @copydoc puglEnterContext
+inline Status
+enterContext(View& view) noexcept
+{
+  return static_cast<Status>(puglEnterContext(view.cobj()));
+}
+
+/// @copydoc puglLeaveContext
+inline Status
+leaveContext(View& view) noexcept
+{
+  return static_cast<Status>(puglLeaveContext(view.cobj()));
+}
+
+/// @copydoc puglGlBackend
+inline const PuglBackend*
+glBackend() noexcept
+{
+  return puglGlBackend();
+}
+
+/**
+   @}
+*/
+
+} // namespace pugl
+
+#endif // PUGL_GL_HPP
diff --git a/bindings/cpp/include/pugl/pugl.hpp b/bindings/cpp/include/pugl/pugl.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..51cfdb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bindings/cpp/include/pugl/pugl.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,721 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2012-2020 David Robillard <d@drobilla.net>
+
+  Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
+  purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+  copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+
+  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+  WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+  MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+  ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+  WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+  ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+  OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+#ifndef PUGL_PUGL_HPP
+#define PUGL_PUGL_HPP
+
+#include "pugl/pugl.h"
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+#if defined(PUGL_HPP_THROW_FAILED_CONSTRUCTION)
+#  include <exception>
+#elif defined(PUGL_HPP_ASSERT_CONSTRUCTION)
+#  include <cassert>
+#endif
+
+namespace pugl {
+
+/**
+   @defgroup puglpp Pugl C++ API
+   Pugl C++ API wrapper.
+   @{
+*/
+
+namespace detail {
+
+/// Free function for a C object
+template<typename T>
+using FreeFunc = void (*)(T*);
+
+/// Generic C++ wrapper for a C object
+template<class T, FreeFunc<T> Free>
+class Wrapper
+{
+public:
+  Wrapper(const Wrapper&) = delete;
+  Wrapper& operator=(const Wrapper&) = delete;
+
+  Wrapper(Wrapper&& wrapper) noexcept
+    : _ptr{wrapper._ptr}
+  {
+    wrapper._ptr = nullptr;
+  }
+
+  Wrapper& operator=(Wrapper&& wrapper) noexcept
+  {
+    _ptr         = wrapper._ptr;
+    wrapper._ptr = nullptr;
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  ~Wrapper() noexcept { Free(_ptr); }
+
+  T*       cobj() noexcept { return _ptr; }
+  const T* cobj() const noexcept { return _ptr; }
+
+protected:
+  explicit Wrapper(T* ptr) noexcept
+    : _ptr{ptr}
+  {}
+
+private:
+  T* _ptr;
+};
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+using Rect = PuglRect; ///< @copydoc PuglRect
+
+/**
+   @defgroup eventspp Events
+   @{
+*/
+
+/**
+   A strongly-typed analogue of PuglEvent.
+
+   This is bit-for-bit identical to the corresponding PuglEvent, so events are
+   simply cast to this type to avoid any copying overhead.
+
+   @tparam t The `type` field of the corresponding PuglEvent.
+
+   @tparam Base The specific struct type of the corresponding PuglEvent.
+*/
+template<PuglEventType t, class Base>
+struct Event final : Base {
+  /// The type of the corresponding C event structure
+  using BaseEvent = Base;
+
+  /// The `type` field of the corresponding C event structure
+  static constexpr const PuglEventType type = t;
+};
+
+using Mod          = PuglMod;          ///< @copydoc PuglMod
+using Mods         = PuglMods;         ///< @copydoc PuglMods
+using Key          = PuglKey;          ///< @copydoc PuglKey
+using EventType    = PuglEventType;    ///< @copydoc PuglEventType
+using EventFlag    = PuglEventFlag;    ///< @copydoc PuglEventFlag
+using EventFlags   = PuglEventFlags;   ///< @copydoc PuglEventFlags
+using CrossingMode = PuglCrossingMode; ///< @copydoc PuglCrossingMode
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventCreate
+using CreateEvent = Event<PUGL_CREATE, PuglEventCreate>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventDestroy
+using DestroyEvent = Event<PUGL_DESTROY, PuglEventDestroy>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventConfigure
+using ConfigureEvent = Event<PUGL_CONFIGURE, PuglEventConfigure>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventMap
+using MapEvent = Event<PUGL_MAP, PuglEventMap>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventUnmap
+using UnmapEvent = Event<PUGL_UNMAP, PuglEventUnmap>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventUpdate
+using UpdateEvent = Event<PUGL_UPDATE, PuglEventUpdate>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventExpose
+using ExposeEvent = Event<PUGL_EXPOSE, PuglEventExpose>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventClose
+using CloseEvent = Event<PUGL_CLOSE, PuglEventClose>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventFocus
+using FocusInEvent = Event<PUGL_FOCUS_IN, PuglEventFocus>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventFocus
+using FocusOutEvent = Event<PUGL_FOCUS_OUT, PuglEventFocus>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventKey
+using KeyPressEvent = Event<PUGL_KEY_PRESS, PuglEventKey>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventKey
+using KeyReleaseEvent = Event<PUGL_KEY_RELEASE, PuglEventKey>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventText
+using TextEvent = Event<PUGL_TEXT, PuglEventText>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventCrossing
+using PointerInEvent = Event<PUGL_POINTER_IN, PuglEventCrossing>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventCrossing
+using PointerOutEvent = Event<PUGL_POINTER_OUT, PuglEventCrossing>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventButton
+using ButtonPressEvent = Event<PUGL_BUTTON_PRESS, PuglEventButton>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventButton
+using ButtonReleaseEvent = Event<PUGL_BUTTON_RELEASE, PuglEventButton>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventMotion
+using MotionEvent = Event<PUGL_MOTION, PuglEventMotion>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventScroll
+using ScrollEvent = Event<PUGL_SCROLL, PuglEventScroll>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventClient
+using ClientEvent = Event<PUGL_CLIENT, PuglEventClient>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventTimer
+using TimerEvent = Event<PUGL_TIMER, PuglEventTimer>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventLoopEnter
+using LoopEnterEvent = Event<PUGL_LOOP_ENTER, PuglEventLoopEnter>;
+
+/// @copydoc PuglEventLoopLeave
+using LoopLeaveEvent = Event<PUGL_LOOP_LEAVE, PuglEventLoopLeave>;
+
+/**
+   @}
+   @defgroup statuspp Status
+   @{
+*/
+
+/// @copydoc PuglStatus
+enum class Status {
+  success,             ///< @copydoc PUGL_SUCCESS
+  failure,             ///< @copydoc PUGL_FAILURE
+  unknownError,        ///< @copydoc PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR
+  badBackend,          ///< @copydoc PUGL_BAD_BACKEND
+  badConfiguration,    ///< @copydoc PUGL_BAD_CONFIGURATION
+  badParameter,        ///< @copydoc PUGL_BAD_PARAMETER
+  backendFailed,       ///< @copydoc PUGL_BACKEND_FAILED
+  registrationFailed,  ///< @copydoc PUGL_REGISTRATION_FAILED
+  realizeFailed,       ///< @copydoc PUGL_REALIZE_FAILED
+  setFormatFailed,     ///< @copydoc PUGL_SET_FORMAT_FAILED
+  createContextFailed, ///< @copydoc PUGL_CREATE_CONTEXT_FAILED
+  unsupportedType,     ///< @copydoc PUGL_UNSUPPORTED_TYPE
+};
+
+static_assert(Status(PUGL_UNSUPPORTED_TYPE) == Status::unsupportedType, "");
+
+/// @copydoc puglStrerror
+inline const char*
+strerror(const Status status) noexcept
+{
+  return puglStrerror(static_cast<PuglStatus>(status));
+}
+
+/**
+   @}
+   @defgroup worldpp World
+   @{
+*/
+
+/// @copydoc PuglWorldType
+enum class WorldType {
+  program, ///< @copydoc PUGL_PROGRAM
+  module,  ///< @copydoc PUGL_MODULE
+};
+
+static_assert(WorldType(PUGL_MODULE) == WorldType::module, "");
+
+/// @copydoc PuglWorldFlag
+enum class WorldFlag {
+  threads = PUGL_WORLD_THREADS, ///< @copydoc PUGL_WORLD_THREADS
+};
+
+static_assert(WorldFlag(PUGL_WORLD_THREADS) == WorldFlag::threads, "");
+
+using WorldFlags = PuglWorldFlags; ///< @copydoc PuglWorldFlags
+
+#if defined(PUGL_HPP_THROW_FAILED_CONSTRUCTION)
+
+/// An exception thrown when construction fails
+class FailedConstructionError : public std::exception
+{
+public:
+  FailedConstructionError(const char* const msg) noexcept
+    : _msg{msg}
+  {}
+
+  virtual const char* what() const noexcept override;
+
+private:
+  const char* _msg;
+};
+
+#  define PUGL_CHECK_CONSTRUCTION(cond, msg) \
+    do {                                     \
+      if (!(cond)) {                         \
+        throw FailedConstructionError(msg);  \
+      }                                      \
+    } while (0)
+
+#elif defined(PUGL_HPP_ASSERT_CONSTRUCTION)
+#  define PUGL_CHECK_CONSTRUCTION(cond, msg) assert(cond);
+#else
+/**
+   Configurable macro for handling construction failure.
+
+   If `PUGL_HPP_THROW_FAILED_CONSTRUCTION` is defined, then this throws a
+   `pugl::FailedConstructionError` if construction fails.
+
+   If `PUGL_HPP_ASSERT_CONSTRUCTION` is defined, then this asserts if
+   construction fails.
+
+   Otherwise, this does nothing.
+*/
+#  define PUGL_CHECK_CONSTRUCTION(cond, msg)
+#endif
+
+/// @copydoc PuglWorld
+class World : public detail::Wrapper<PuglWorld, puglFreeWorld>
+{
+public:
+  World(const World&) = delete;
+  World& operator=(const World&) = delete;
+
+  World(World&&) = delete;
+  World& operator=(World&&) = delete;
+
+  ~World() = default;
+
+  World(WorldType type, WorldFlag flag)
+    : Wrapper{puglNewWorld(static_cast<PuglWorldType>(type),
+                           static_cast<PuglWorldFlags>(flag))}
+  {
+    PUGL_CHECK_CONSTRUCTION(cobj(), "Failed to create pugl::World");
+  }
+
+  World(WorldType type, WorldFlags flags)
+    : Wrapper{puglNewWorld(static_cast<PuglWorldType>(type), flags)}
+  {
+    PUGL_CHECK_CONSTRUCTION(cobj(), "Failed to create pugl::World");
+  }
+
+  explicit World(WorldType type)
+    : World{type, WorldFlags{}}
+  {}
+
+  /// @copydoc puglGetNativeWorld
+  void* nativeWorld() noexcept { return puglGetNativeWorld(cobj()); }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglSetClassName
+  Status setClassName(const char* const name) noexcept
+  {
+    return static_cast<Status>(puglSetClassName(cobj(), name));
+  }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglGetTime
+  double time() const noexcept { return puglGetTime(cobj()); }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglUpdate
+  Status update(const double timeout) noexcept
+  {
+    return static_cast<Status>(puglUpdate(cobj(), timeout));
+  }
+};
+
+/**
+   @}
+   @defgroup viewpp View
+   @{
+*/
+
+using Backend    = PuglBackend;    ///< @copydoc PuglBackend
+using NativeView = PuglNativeView; ///< @copydoc PuglNativeView
+
+/// @copydoc PuglViewHint
+enum class ViewHint {
+  useCompatProfile,    ///< @copydoc PUGL_USE_COMPAT_PROFILE
+  useDebugContext,     ///< @copydoc PUGL_USE_DEBUG_CONTEXT
+  contextVersionMajor, ///< @copydoc PUGL_CONTEXT_VERSION_MAJOR
+  contextVersionMinor, ///< @copydoc PUGL_CONTEXT_VERSION_MINOR
+  redBits,             ///< @copydoc PUGL_RED_BITS
+  greenBits,           ///< @copydoc PUGL_GREEN_BITS
+  blueBits,            ///< @copydoc PUGL_BLUE_BITS
+  alphaBits,           ///< @copydoc PUGL_ALPHA_BITS
+  depthBits,           ///< @copydoc PUGL_DEPTH_BITS
+  stencilBits,         ///< @copydoc PUGL_STENCIL_BITS
+  samples,             ///< @copydoc PUGL_SAMPLES
+  doubleBuffer,        ///< @copydoc PUGL_DOUBLE_BUFFER
+  swapInterval,        ///< @copydoc PUGL_SWAP_INTERVAL
+  resizable,           ///< @copydoc PUGL_RESIZABLE
+  ignoreKeyRepeat,     ///< @copydoc PUGL_IGNORE_KEY_REPEAT
+  refreshRate,         ///< @copydoc PUGL_REFRESH_RATE
+};
+
+static_assert(ViewHint(PUGL_REFRESH_RATE) == ViewHint::refreshRate, "");
+
+using ViewHintValue = PuglViewHintValue; ///< @copydoc PuglViewHintValue
+
+/// @copydoc PuglCursor
+enum class Cursor {
+  arrow,     ///< @copydoc PUGL_CURSOR_ARROW
+  caret,     ///< @copydoc PUGL_CURSOR_CARET
+  crosshair, ///< @copydoc PUGL_CURSOR_CROSSHAIR
+  hand,      ///< @copydoc PUGL_CURSOR_HAND
+  no,        ///< @copydoc PUGL_CURSOR_NO
+  leftRight, ///< @copydoc PUGL_CURSOR_LEFT_RIGHT
+  upDown,    ///< @copydoc PUGL_CURSOR_UP_DOWN
+};
+
+static_assert(Cursor(PUGL_CURSOR_UP_DOWN) == Cursor::upDown, "");
+
+/// @copydoc PuglView
+class View : protected detail::Wrapper<PuglView, puglFreeView>
+{
+public:
+  /**
+     @name Setup
+     Methods for creating and destroying a view.
+     @{
+  */
+
+  explicit View(World& world)
+    : Wrapper{puglNewView(world.cobj())}
+    , _world(world)
+  {
+    PUGL_CHECK_CONSTRUCTION(cobj(), "Failed to create pugl::View");
+  }
+
+  const World& world() const noexcept { return _world; }
+  World&       world() noexcept { return _world; }
+
+  /**
+     Set the object that will be called to handle events.
+
+     This is a type-safe wrapper for the C functions puglSetHandle() and
+     puglSetEventFunc() that will automatically dispatch events to the
+     `onEvent` method of `handler` that takes the appropriate event type.
+     The handler must have such a method defined for every event type, but if
+     the handler is the view itself, a `using` declaration can be used to
+     "inherit" the default implementation to avoid having to define every
+     method.  For example:
+
+     @code
+     class MyView : public pugl::View
+     {
+     public:
+       explicit MyView(pugl::World& world)
+         : pugl::View{world}
+       {
+         setEventHandler(*this);
+       }
+
+       using pugl::View::onEvent;
+
+       pugl::Status onEvent(const pugl::ConfigureEvent& event) noexcept;
+       pugl::Status onEvent(const pugl::ExposeEvent& event) noexcept;
+     };
+     @endcode
+
+     This facility is just a convenience, applications may use the C API
+     directly to set a handle and event function to set up a different
+     approach for event handling.
+  */
+  template<class Handler>
+  Status setEventHandler(Handler& handler)
+  {
+    puglSetHandle(cobj(), &handler);
+    return static_cast<Status>(puglSetEventFunc(cobj(), eventFunc<Handler>));
+  }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglSetBackend
+  Status setBackend(const PuglBackend* backend) noexcept
+  {
+    return static_cast<Status>(puglSetBackend(cobj(), backend));
+  }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglSetViewHint
+  Status setHint(ViewHint hint, int value) noexcept
+  {
+    return static_cast<Status>(
+      puglSetViewHint(cobj(), static_cast<PuglViewHint>(hint), value));
+  }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglGetViewHint
+  int getHint(ViewHint hint) noexcept
+  {
+    return puglGetViewHint(cobj(), static_cast<PuglViewHint>(hint));
+  }
+
+  /**
+     @}
+     @name Frame
+     Methods for working with the position and size of a view.
+     @{
+  */
+
+  /// @copydoc puglGetFrame
+  Rect frame() const noexcept { return puglGetFrame(cobj()); }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglSetFrame
+  Status setFrame(Rect frame) noexcept
+  {
+    return static_cast<Status>(puglSetFrame(cobj(), frame));
+  }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglSetDefaultSize
+  Status setDefaultSize(int width, int height) noexcept
+  {
+    return static_cast<Status>(puglSetDefaultSize(cobj(), width, height));
+  }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglSetMinSize
+  Status setMinSize(int width, int height) noexcept
+  {
+    return static_cast<Status>(puglSetMinSize(cobj(), width, height));
+  }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglSetMaxSize
+  Status setMaxSize(int width, int height) noexcept
+  {
+    return static_cast<Status>(puglSetMaxSize(cobj(), width, height));
+  }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglSetAspectRatio
+  Status setAspectRatio(int minX, int minY, int maxX, int maxY) noexcept
+  {
+    return static_cast<Status>(
+      puglSetAspectRatio(cobj(), minX, minY, maxX, maxY));
+  }
+
+  /**
+     @}
+     @name Windows
+     Methods for working with top-level windows.
+     @{
+  */
+
+  /// @copydoc puglSetWindowTitle
+  Status setWindowTitle(const char* title) noexcept
+  {
+    return static_cast<Status>(puglSetWindowTitle(cobj(), title));
+  }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglSetParentWindow
+  Status setParentWindow(NativeView parent) noexcept
+  {
+    return static_cast<Status>(puglSetParentWindow(cobj(), parent));
+  }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglSetTransientFor
+  Status setTransientFor(NativeView parent) noexcept
+  {
+    return static_cast<Status>(puglSetTransientFor(cobj(), parent));
+  }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglRealize
+  Status realize() noexcept { return static_cast<Status>(puglRealize(cobj())); }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglShow
+  Status show() noexcept { return static_cast<Status>(puglShow(cobj())); }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglHide
+  Status hide() noexcept { return static_cast<Status>(puglHide(cobj())); }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglGetVisible
+  bool visible() const noexcept { return puglGetVisible(cobj()); }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglGetNativeWindow
+  NativeView nativeWindow() noexcept { return puglGetNativeWindow(cobj()); }
+
+  /**
+     @}
+     @name Graphics
+     Methods for working with the graphics context and scheduling
+     redisplays.
+     @{
+  */
+
+  /// @copydoc puglGetContext
+  void* context() noexcept { return puglGetContext(cobj()); }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglPostRedisplay
+  Status postRedisplay() noexcept
+  {
+    return static_cast<Status>(puglPostRedisplay(cobj()));
+  }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglPostRedisplayRect
+  Status postRedisplayRect(const Rect rect) noexcept
+  {
+    return static_cast<Status>(puglPostRedisplayRect(cobj(), rect));
+  }
+
+  /**
+     @}
+     @name Interaction
+     Methods for interacting with the user and window system.
+     @{
+  */
+
+  /// @copydoc puglGrabFocus
+  Status grabFocus() noexcept
+  {
+    return static_cast<Status>(puglGrabFocus(cobj()));
+  }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglHasFocus
+  bool hasFocus() const noexcept { return puglHasFocus(cobj()); }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglSetCursor
+  Status setCursor(const Cursor cursor) noexcept
+  {
+    return static_cast<Status>(
+      puglSetCursor(cobj(), static_cast<PuglCursor>(cursor)));
+  }
+
+  /// @copydoc puglRequestAttention
+  Status requestAttention() noexcept
+  {
+    return static_cast<Status>(puglRequestAttention(cobj()));
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Activate a repeating timer event.
+
+     This starts a timer which will send a timer event to `view` every
+     `timeout` seconds.  This can be used to perform some action in a view at a
+     regular interval with relatively low frequency.  Note that the frequency
+     of timer events may be limited by how often update() is called.
+
+     If the given timer already exists, it is replaced.
+
+     @param id The identifier for this timer.  This is an application-specific
+     ID that should be a low number, typically the value of a constant or `enum`
+     that starts from 0.  There is a platform-specific limit to the number of
+     supported timers, and overhead associated with each, so applications should
+     create only a few timers and perform several tasks in one if necessary.
+
+     @param timeout The period, in seconds, of this timer.  This is not
+     guaranteed to have a resolution better than 10ms (the maximum timer
+     resolution on Windows) and may be rounded up if it is too short.  On X11
+     and MacOS, a resolution of about 1ms can usually be relied on.
+
+     @return #PUGL_FAILURE if timers are not supported by the system,
+     #PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR if setting the timer failed.
+  */
+  Status startTimer(const uintptr_t id, const double timeout) noexcept
+  {
+    return static_cast<Status>(puglStartTimer(cobj(), id, timeout));
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Stop an active timer.
+
+     @param id The ID previously passed to startTimer().
+
+     @return #PUGL_FAILURE if timers are not supported by this system,
+     #PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR if stopping the timer failed.
+  */
+  Status stopTimer(const uintptr_t id) noexcept
+  {
+    return static_cast<Status>(puglStopTimer(cobj(), id));
+  }
+
+  /**
+     @}
+  */
+
+  PuglView*       cobj() noexcept { return Wrapper::cobj(); }
+  const PuglView* cobj() const noexcept { return Wrapper::cobj(); }
+
+private:
+  template<class Target>
+  static Status dispatch(Target& target, const PuglEvent* event)
+  {
+    switch (event->type) {
+    case PUGL_NOTHING:
+      return Status::success;
+    case PUGL_CREATE:
+      return target.onEvent(static_cast<const CreateEvent&>(event->any));
+    case PUGL_DESTROY:
+      return target.onEvent(static_cast<const DestroyEvent&>(event->any));
+    case PUGL_CONFIGURE:
+      return target.onEvent(
+        static_cast<const ConfigureEvent&>(event->configure));
+    case PUGL_MAP:
+      return target.onEvent(static_cast<const MapEvent&>(event->any));
+    case PUGL_UNMAP:
+      return target.onEvent(static_cast<const UnmapEvent&>(event->any));
+    case PUGL_UPDATE:
+      return target.onEvent(static_cast<const UpdateEvent&>(event->any));
+    case PUGL_EXPOSE:
+      return target.onEvent(static_cast<const ExposeEvent&>(event->expose));
+    case PUGL_CLOSE:
+      return target.onEvent(static_cast<const CloseEvent&>(event->any));
+    case PUGL_FOCUS_IN:
+      return target.onEvent(static_cast<const FocusInEvent&>(event->focus));
+    case PUGL_FOCUS_OUT:
+      return target.onEvent(static_cast<const FocusOutEvent&>(event->focus));
+    case PUGL_KEY_PRESS:
+      return target.onEvent(static_cast<const KeyPressEvent&>(event->key));
+    case PUGL_KEY_RELEASE:
+      return target.onEvent(static_cast<const KeyReleaseEvent&>(event->key));
+    case PUGL_TEXT:
+      return target.onEvent(static_cast<const TextEvent&>(event->text));
+    case PUGL_POINTER_IN:
+      return target.onEvent(
+        static_cast<const PointerInEvent&>(event->crossing));
+    case PUGL_POINTER_OUT:
+      return target.onEvent(
+        static_cast<const PointerOutEvent&>(event->crossing));
+    case PUGL_BUTTON_PRESS:
+      return target.onEvent(
+        static_cast<const ButtonPressEvent&>(event->button));
+    case PUGL_BUTTON_RELEASE:
+      return target.onEvent(
+        static_cast<const ButtonReleaseEvent&>(event->button));
+    case PUGL_MOTION:
+      return target.onEvent(static_cast<const MotionEvent&>(event->motion));
+    case PUGL_SCROLL:
+      return target.onEvent(static_cast<const ScrollEvent&>(event->scroll));
+    case PUGL_CLIENT:
+      return target.onEvent(static_cast<const ClientEvent&>(event->client));
+    case PUGL_TIMER:
+      return target.onEvent(static_cast<const TimerEvent&>(event->timer));
+    case PUGL_LOOP_ENTER:
+      return target.onEvent(static_cast<const LoopEnterEvent&>(event->any));
+    case PUGL_LOOP_LEAVE:
+      return target.onEvent(static_cast<const LoopLeaveEvent&>(event->any));
+    }
+
+    return Status::failure;
+  }
+
+  template<class Target>
+  static PuglStatus eventFunc(PuglView* view, const PuglEvent* event) noexcept
+  {
+    auto* target = static_cast<Target*>(puglGetHandle(view));
+
+#ifdef __cpp_exceptions
+    try {
+      return static_cast<PuglStatus>(dispatch(*target, event));
+    } catch (...) {
+      return PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR;
+    }
+#else
+    return static_cast<PuglStatus>(pugl::dispatch(*target, event));
+#endif
+  }
+
+  World& _world;
+};
+
+/**
+   @}
+   @}
+*/
+
+} // namespace pugl
+
+#endif // PUGL_PUGL_HPP
diff --git a/bindings/cpp/include/pugl/stub.hpp b/bindings/cpp/include/pugl/stub.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e4a33c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bindings/cpp/include/pugl/stub.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2012-2020 David Robillard <d@drobilla.net>
+
+  Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
+  purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+  copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+
+  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+  WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+  MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+  ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+  WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+  ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+  OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+#ifndef PUGL_STUB_HPP
+#define PUGL_STUB_HPP
+
+#include "pugl/pugl.h"
+#include "pugl/stub.h"
+
+namespace pugl {
+
+/**
+   @defgroup stubpp Stub
+   Stub graphics support.
+   @ingroup puglpp
+   @{
+*/
+
+/// @copydoc puglStubBackend
+inline const PuglBackend*
+stubBackend() noexcept
+{
+  return puglStubBackend();
+}
+
+/**
+   @}
+*/
+
+} // namespace pugl
+
+#endif // PUGL_STUB_HPP
diff --git a/bindings/cpp/include/pugl/vulkan.hpp b/bindings/cpp/include/pugl/vulkan.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d65b2d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bindings/cpp/include/pugl/vulkan.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+/*
+  Copyright 2012-2020 David Robillard <d@drobilla.net>
+
+  Permission to use, copy, modify, and/or distribute this software for any
+  purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
+  copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
+
+  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
+  WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+  MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
+  ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
+  WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
+  ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
+  OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+/*
+  Note that this header includes Vulkan headers, so if you are writing a
+  program or plugin that dynamically loads vulkan, you should first define
+  `VK_NO_PROTOTYPES` before including it.
+*/
+
+#ifndef PUGL_VULKAN_HPP
+#define PUGL_VULKAN_HPP
+
+#include "pugl/pugl.h"
+#include "pugl/pugl.hpp"
+#include "pugl/vulkan.h"
+
+#include <vulkan/vulkan_core.h>
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+namespace pugl {
+
+/**
+   @defgroup vulkanpp Vulkan
+   Vulkan graphics support.
+
+   Note that the Pugl C++ wrapper does not use vulkan-hpp because it is a
+   heavyweight dependency which not everyone uses, and its design is not very
+   friendly to dynamic loading in plugins anyway.  However, if you do use
+   vulkan-hpp smart handles, it is relatively straightforward to wrap the
+   result of createSurface() manually.
+
+   @ingroup puglpp
+   @{
+*/
+
+/// @copydoc PuglVulkanLoader
+class VulkanLoader final
+  : public detail::Wrapper<PuglVulkanLoader, puglFreeVulkanLoader>
+{
+public:
+  /**
+     Create a new dynamic loader for Vulkan functions.
+
+     This dynamically loads the Vulkan library and gets the load functions
+     from it.
+
+     Note that this constructor does not throw exceptions, though failure is
+     possible.  To check if the Vulkan library failed to load, test this
+     loader, which is explicitly convertible to `bool`.  It is safe to use a
+     failed loader, but the accessors will always return null.
+  */
+  explicit VulkanLoader(World& world) noexcept
+    : Wrapper{puglNewVulkanLoader(world.cobj())}
+  {}
+
+  /**
+     Return the `vkGetInstanceProcAddr` function.
+
+     @return Null if the Vulkan library failed to load, or does not contain
+     this function (which is unlikely and indicates a broken system).
+  */
+  PFN_vkGetInstanceProcAddr getInstanceProcAddrFunc() const noexcept
+  {
+    return cobj() ? puglGetInstanceProcAddrFunc(cobj()) : nullptr;
+  }
+
+  /**
+     Return the `vkGetDeviceProcAddr` function.
+
+     @return Null if the Vulkan library failed to load, or does not contain
+     this function (which is unlikely and indicates a broken system).
+  */
+  PFN_vkGetDeviceProcAddr getDeviceProcAddrFunc() const noexcept
+  {
+    return cobj() ? puglGetDeviceProcAddrFunc(cobj()) : nullptr;
+  }
+
+  /// Return true if this loader is valid to use
+  explicit operator bool() const noexcept { return cobj(); }
+};
+
+/**
+   A simple wrapper for an array of static C strings.
+
+   This provides a minimal API that supports iteration, like `std::vector`, but
+   avoids allocation, exceptions, and a dependency on the C++ standard library.
+*/
+class StaticStringArray final
+{
+public:
+  using value_type     = const char*;
+  using const_iterator = const char* const*;
+  using size_type      = uint32_t;
+
+  StaticStringArray(const char* const* strings, const uint32_t size) noexcept
+    : _strings{strings}
+    , _size{size}
+  {}
+
+  const char* const* begin() const noexcept { return _strings; }
+  const char* const* end() const noexcept { return _strings + _size; }
+  const char* const* data() const noexcept { return _strings; }
+  uint32_t           size() const noexcept { return _size; }
+
+private:
+  const char* const* _strings;
+  uint32_t           _size;
+};
+
+/**
+   Return the Vulkan instance extensions required to draw to a PuglView.
+
+   If successful, the returned array always contains "VK_KHR_surface", along
+   with whatever other platform-specific extensions are required.
+
+   @return An array of extension name strings.
+*/
+inline StaticStringArray
+getInstanceExtensions() noexcept
+{
+  uint32_t                 count      = 0;
+  const char* const* const extensions = puglGetInstanceExtensions(&count);
+
+  return StaticStringArray{extensions, count};
+}
+
+/// @copydoc puglCreateSurface
+inline VkResult
+createSurface(PFN_vkGetInstanceProcAddr          vkGetInstanceProcAddr,
+              View&                              view,
+              VkInstance                         instance,
+              const VkAllocationCallbacks* const allocator,
+              VkSurfaceKHR* const                surface) noexcept
+{
+  const VkResult r = puglCreateSurface(
+    vkGetInstanceProcAddr, view.cobj(), instance, allocator, surface);
+
+  return (!r && !surface) ? VK_ERROR_INITIALIZATION_FAILED : r;
+}
+
+/// @copydoc puglVulkanBackend
+inline const PuglBackend*
+vulkanBackend() noexcept
+{
+  return puglVulkanBackend();
+}
+
+/**
+   @}
+*/
+
+} // namespace pugl
+
+#endif // PUGL_VULKAN_HPP