// Copyright 2012-2022 David Robillard // Copyright 2013 Robin Gareus // Copyright 2011-2012 Ben Loftis, Harrison Consoles // SPDX-License-Identifier: ISC #include "x11.h" #include "attributes.h" #include "internal.h" #include "platform.h" #include "types.h" #include "pugl/pugl.h" #include #include #include #include #include #include #ifdef HAVE_XRANDR # include #endif #ifdef HAVE_XSYNC # include # include #endif #ifdef HAVE_XCURSOR # include #endif #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #ifndef MIN # define MIN(a, b) (((a) < (b)) ? (a) : (b)) #endif #ifndef MAX # define MAX(a, b) (((a) > (b)) ? (a) : (b)) #endif #ifdef __cplusplus # define PUGL_INIT_STRUCT \ {} #else # define PUGL_INIT_STRUCT \ { \ 0 \ } #endif enum WmClientStateMessageAction { WM_STATE_REMOVE, WM_STATE_ADD, WM_STATE_TOGGLE }; #ifdef HAVE_XCURSOR static const char* const cursor_names[PUGL_NUM_CURSORS] = { "default", // ARROW "text", // CARET "crosshair", // CROSSHAIR "pointer", // HAND "not-allowed", // NO "sb_h_double_arrow", // LEFT_RIGHT "sb_v_double_arrow", // UP_DOWN "size_fdiag", // UP_LEFT_DOWN_RIGHT "size_bdiag", // UP_RIGHT_DOWN_LEFT }; #endif static bool initXSync(PuglWorldInternals* const impl) { #ifdef HAVE_XSYNC int syncMajor = 0; int syncMinor = 0; int errorBase = 0; XSyncSystemCounter* counters = NULL; int numCounters = 0; if (XSyncQueryExtension(impl->display, &impl->syncEventBase, &errorBase) && XSyncInitialize(impl->display, &syncMajor, &syncMinor) && (counters = XSyncListSystemCounters(impl->display, &numCounters))) { for (int n = 0; n < numCounters; ++n) { if (!strcmp(counters[n].name, "SERVERTIME")) { impl->serverTimeCounter = counters[n].counter; impl->syncSupported = true; break; } } XSyncFreeSystemCounterList(counters); } #else (void)impl; #endif return false; } static double puglX11GetDisplayScaleFactor(Display* const display) { double dpi = 96.0; const char* const rms = XResourceManagerString(display); if (rms) { XrmDatabase db = XrmGetStringDatabase(rms); if (db) { XrmValue value = {0U, NULL}; char* type = NULL; if (XrmGetResource(db, "Xft.dpi", "Xft.Dpi", &type, &value)) { if (!type || !strcmp(type, "String")) { char* end = NULL; const double xftDpi = strtod(value.addr, &end); if (xftDpi > 0.0 && xftDpi < HUGE_VAL) { dpi = xftDpi; } } } XrmDestroyDatabase(db); } } return dpi / 96.0; } PuglWorldInternals* puglInitWorldInternals(const PuglWorldType type, const PuglWorldFlags flags) { if (type == PUGL_PROGRAM && (flags & PUGL_WORLD_THREADS)) { XInitThreads(); } Display* display = XOpenDisplay(NULL); if (!display) { return NULL; } PuglWorldInternals* impl = (PuglWorldInternals*)calloc(1, sizeof(PuglWorldInternals)); impl->display = display; impl->scaleFactor = puglX11GetDisplayScaleFactor(display); // Intern the various atoms we will need impl->atoms.CLIPBOARD = XInternAtom(display, "CLIPBOARD", 0); impl->atoms.UTF8_STRING = XInternAtom(display, "UTF8_STRING", 0); impl->atoms.WM_PROTOCOLS = XInternAtom(display, "WM_PROTOCOLS", 0); impl->atoms.WM_DELETE_WINDOW = XInternAtom(display, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", 0); impl->atoms.PUGL_CLIENT_MSG = XInternAtom(display, "_PUGL_CLIENT_MSG", 0); impl->atoms.NET_WM_NAME = XInternAtom(display, "_NET_WM_NAME", 0); impl->atoms.NET_WM_STATE = XInternAtom(display, "_NET_WM_STATE", 0); impl->atoms.NET_WM_STATE_DEMANDS_ATTENTION = XInternAtom(display, "_NET_WM_STATE_DEMANDS_ATTENTION", 0); impl->atoms.NET_WM_STATE_HIDDEN = XInternAtom(display, "_NET_WM_STATE_HIDDEN", 0); impl->atoms.TARGETS = XInternAtom(display, "TARGETS", 0); impl->atoms.text_uri_list = XInternAtom(display, "text/uri-list", 0); // Open input method XSetLocaleModifiers(""); if (!(impl->xim = XOpenIM(display, NULL, NULL, NULL))) { XSetLocaleModifiers("@im="); impl->xim = XOpenIM(display, NULL, NULL, NULL); } XrmInitialize(); initXSync(impl); XFlush(display); return impl; } void* puglGetNativeWorld(PuglWorld* const world) { return world->impl->display; } PuglInternals* puglInitViewInternals(PuglWorld* const world) { PuglInternals* impl = (PuglInternals*)calloc(1, sizeof(PuglInternals)); impl->clipboard.selection = world->impl->atoms.CLIPBOARD; impl->clipboard.property = XA_PRIMARY; #ifdef HAVE_XCURSOR impl->cursorName = cursor_names[PUGL_CURSOR_ARROW]; #endif return impl; } static PuglStatus pollX11Socket(PuglWorld* const world, const double timeout) { if (XPending(world->impl->display) > 0) { return PUGL_SUCCESS; } const int fd = ConnectionNumber(world->impl->display); const int nfds = fd + 1; int ret = 0; fd_set fds; FD_ZERO(&fds); // NOLINT FD_SET(fd, &fds); if (timeout < 0.0) { ret = select(nfds, &fds, NULL, NULL, NULL); } else { const long sec = (long)timeout; const long usec = (long)((timeout - (double)sec) * 1e6); struct timeval tv = {sec, usec}; ret = select(nfds, &fds, NULL, NULL, &tv); } return ret < 0 ? PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR : PUGL_SUCCESS; } static PuglView* findView(PuglWorld* const world, const Window window) { for (size_t i = 0; i < world->numViews; ++i) { if (world->views[i]->impl->win == window) { return world->views[i]; } } return NULL; } static PuglStatus updateSizeHints(const PuglView* const view) { if (!view->impl->win) { return PUGL_SUCCESS; } Display* display = view->world->impl->display; XSizeHints sizeHints = PUGL_INIT_STRUCT; if (!view->hints[PUGL_RESIZABLE]) { sizeHints.flags = PBaseSize | PMinSize | PMaxSize; sizeHints.base_width = (int)view->frame.width; sizeHints.base_height = (int)view->frame.height; sizeHints.min_width = (int)view->frame.width; sizeHints.min_height = (int)view->frame.height; sizeHints.max_width = (int)view->frame.width; sizeHints.max_height = (int)view->frame.height; } else { const PuglViewSize defaultSize = view->sizeHints[PUGL_DEFAULT_SIZE]; if (defaultSize.width && defaultSize.height) { sizeHints.flags |= PBaseSize; sizeHints.base_width = defaultSize.width; sizeHints.base_height = defaultSize.height; } const PuglViewSize minSize = view->sizeHints[PUGL_MIN_SIZE]; if (minSize.width && minSize.height) { sizeHints.flags |= PMinSize; sizeHints.min_width = minSize.width; sizeHints.min_height = minSize.height; } const PuglViewSize maxSize = view->sizeHints[PUGL_MAX_SIZE]; if (maxSize.width && maxSize.height) { sizeHints.flags |= PMaxSize; sizeHints.max_width = maxSize.width; sizeHints.max_height = maxSize.height; } const PuglViewSize minAspect = view->sizeHints[PUGL_MIN_ASPECT]; const PuglViewSize maxAspect = view->sizeHints[PUGL_MAX_ASPECT]; if (minAspect.width && minAspect.height && maxAspect.width && maxAspect.height) { sizeHints.flags |= PAspect; sizeHints.min_aspect.x = minAspect.width; sizeHints.min_aspect.y = minAspect.height; sizeHints.max_aspect.x = maxAspect.width; sizeHints.max_aspect.y = maxAspect.height; } const PuglViewSize fixedAspect = view->sizeHints[PUGL_FIXED_ASPECT]; if (fixedAspect.width && fixedAspect.height) { sizeHints.flags |= PAspect; sizeHints.min_aspect.x = fixedAspect.width; sizeHints.min_aspect.y = fixedAspect.height; sizeHints.max_aspect.x = fixedAspect.width; sizeHints.max_aspect.y = fixedAspect.height; } } XSetNormalHints(display, view->impl->win, &sizeHints); return PUGL_SUCCESS; } #ifdef HAVE_XCURSOR static PuglStatus defineCursorName(PuglView* const view, const char* const name) { PuglInternals* const impl = view->impl; PuglWorld* const world = view->world; Display* const display = world->impl->display; // Load cursor theme char* const theme = XcursorGetTheme(display); if (!theme) { return PUGL_FAILURE; } // Get the default size and cursor image from it const int size = XcursorGetDefaultSize(display); XcursorImage* const image = XcursorLibraryLoadImage(name, theme, size); if (!image) { return PUGL_BAD_PARAMETER; } // Load a cursor from the image const Cursor cur = XcursorImageLoadCursor(display, image); XcursorImageDestroy(image); if (!cur) { return PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR; } // Set the view's cursor to the new loaded one XDefineCursor(display, impl->win, cur); XFreeCursor(display, cur); return PUGL_SUCCESS; } #endif PuglStatus puglRealize(PuglView* const view) { PuglInternals* const impl = view->impl; PuglWorld* const world = view->world; PuglX11Atoms* const atoms = &view->world->impl->atoms; Display* const display = world->impl->display; const int screen = DefaultScreen(display); const Window root = RootWindow(display, screen); const Window parent = view->parent ? (Window)view->parent : root; XSetWindowAttributes attr = PUGL_INIT_STRUCT; PuglStatus st = PUGL_SUCCESS; // Ensure that we're unrealized if (impl->win) { return PUGL_FAILURE; } // Check that the basic required configuration has been done if ((st = puglPreRealize(view))) { return st; } // Center top-level windows if a position has not been set if (!view->parent && !view->frame.x && !view->frame.y) { const int screenWidth = DisplayWidth(display, screen); const int screenHeight = DisplayHeight(display, screen); view->frame.x = (PuglCoord)((screenWidth - view->frame.width) / 2); view->frame.y = (PuglCoord)((screenHeight - view->frame.height) / 2); } // Configure the backend to get the visual info impl->screen = screen; if ((st = view->backend->configure(view)) || !impl->vi) { view->backend->destroy(view); return st ? st : PUGL_BACKEND_FAILED; } // Create a colormap based on the visual info from the backend attr.colormap = XCreateColormap(display, parent, impl->vi->visual, AllocNone); // Set the event mask to request all of the event types we react to attr.event_mask |= ButtonPressMask; attr.event_mask |= ButtonReleaseMask; attr.event_mask |= EnterWindowMask; attr.event_mask |= ExposureMask; attr.event_mask |= FocusChangeMask; attr.event_mask |= KeyPressMask; attr.event_mask |= KeyReleaseMask; attr.event_mask |= LeaveWindowMask; attr.event_mask |= PointerMotionMask; attr.event_mask |= PropertyChangeMask; attr.event_mask |= StructureNotifyMask; attr.event_mask |= VisibilityChangeMask; // Create the window impl->win = XCreateWindow(display, parent, view->frame.x, view->frame.y, view->frame.width, view->frame.height, 0, impl->vi->depth, InputOutput, impl->vi->visual, CWColormap | CWEventMask, &attr); // Create the backend drawing context/surface if ((st = view->backend->create(view))) { return st; } #ifdef HAVE_XRANDR int ignored = 0; if (XRRQueryExtension(display, &ignored, &ignored)) { // Set refresh rate hint to the real refresh rate XRRScreenConfiguration* conf = XRRGetScreenInfo(display, parent); short current_rate = XRRConfigCurrentRate(conf); view->hints[PUGL_REFRESH_RATE] = current_rate; XRRFreeScreenConfigInfo(conf); } #endif updateSizeHints(view); XClassHint classHint = {world->className, world->className}; XSetClassHint(display, impl->win, &classHint); if (view->title) { puglSetWindowTitle(view, view->title); } if (parent == root) { XSetWMProtocols(display, impl->win, &atoms->WM_DELETE_WINDOW, 1); } if (view->transientParent) { puglSetTransientParent(view, view->transientParent); } // Create input context if (world->impl->xim) { impl->xic = XCreateIC(world->impl->xim, XNInputStyle, XIMPreeditNothing | XIMStatusNothing, XNClientWindow, impl->win, XNFocusWindow, impl->win, (XIM)0); } puglDispatchSimpleEvent(view, PUGL_CREATE); /* Flush before returning for two reasons: so that hints are available to the view's parent via the X server during embedding, and so that the X server has a chance to create the window (and make its actual position and size known) before any children are created. Potential bugs aside, this increases the chances that an application will be cleanly configured once on startup with the correct position and size. */ XFlush(display); return PUGL_SUCCESS; } PuglStatus puglShow(PuglView* const view) { PuglStatus st = view->impl->win ? PUGL_SUCCESS : puglRealize(view); if (!st) { XMapRaised(view->world->impl->display, view->impl->win); st = puglPostRedisplay(view); } return st; } PuglStatus puglHide(PuglView* const view) { XUnmapWindow(view->world->impl->display, view->impl->win); return PUGL_SUCCESS; } static void clearX11Clipboard(PuglX11Clipboard* const board) { for (unsigned long i = 0; i < board->numFormats; ++i) { free(board->formatStrings[i]); board->formatStrings[i] = NULL; } board->source = None; board->numFormats = 0; board->acceptedFormatIndex = UINT32_MAX; board->acceptedFormat = None; board->data.len = 0; } void puglFreeViewInternals(PuglView* const view) { if (view && view->impl) { clearX11Clipboard(&view->impl->clipboard); free(view->impl->clipboard.data.data); free(view->impl->clipboard.formats); free(view->impl->clipboard.formatStrings); if (view->impl->xic) { XDestroyIC(view->impl->xic); } if (view->backend) { view->backend->destroy(view); } if (view->world->impl->display && view->impl->win) { XDestroyWindow(view->world->impl->display, view->impl->win); } XFree(view->impl->vi); free(view->impl); } } void puglFreeWorldInternals(PuglWorld* const world) { if (world->impl->xim) { XCloseIM(world->impl->xim); } XCloseDisplay(world->impl->display); free(world->impl->timers); free(world->impl); } static PuglKey keySymToSpecial(const KeySym sym) { // clang-format off switch (sym) { case XK_F1: return PUGL_KEY_F1; case XK_F2: return PUGL_KEY_F2; case XK_F3: return PUGL_KEY_F3; case XK_F4: return PUGL_KEY_F4; case XK_F5: return PUGL_KEY_F5; case XK_F6: return PUGL_KEY_F6; case XK_F7: return PUGL_KEY_F7; case XK_F8: return PUGL_KEY_F8; case XK_F9: return PUGL_KEY_F9; case XK_F10: return PUGL_KEY_F10; case XK_F11: return PUGL_KEY_F11; case XK_F12: return PUGL_KEY_F12; case XK_Left: return PUGL_KEY_LEFT; case XK_Up: return PUGL_KEY_UP; case XK_Right: return PUGL_KEY_RIGHT; case XK_Down: return PUGL_KEY_DOWN; case XK_Page_Up: return PUGL_KEY_PAGE_UP; case XK_Page_Down: return PUGL_KEY_PAGE_DOWN; case XK_Home: return PUGL_KEY_HOME; case XK_End: return PUGL_KEY_END; case XK_Insert: return PUGL_KEY_INSERT; case XK_Shift_L: return PUGL_KEY_SHIFT_L; case XK_Shift_R: return PUGL_KEY_SHIFT_R; case XK_Control_L: return PUGL_KEY_CTRL_L; case XK_Control_R: return PUGL_KEY_CTRL_R; case XK_Alt_L: return PUGL_KEY_ALT_L; case XK_ISO_Level3_Shift: case XK_Alt_R: return PUGL_KEY_ALT_R; case XK_Super_L: return PUGL_KEY_SUPER_L; case XK_Super_R: return PUGL_KEY_SUPER_R; case XK_Menu: return PUGL_KEY_MENU; case XK_Caps_Lock: return PUGL_KEY_CAPS_LOCK; case XK_Scroll_Lock: return PUGL_KEY_SCROLL_LOCK; case XK_Num_Lock: return PUGL_KEY_NUM_LOCK; case XK_Print: return PUGL_KEY_PRINT_SCREEN; case XK_Pause: return PUGL_KEY_PAUSE; default: break; } // clang-format on return (PuglKey)0; } static int lookupString(XIC xic, XEvent* const xevent, char* const str, KeySym* const sym) { Status status = 0; #ifdef X_HAVE_UTF8_STRING const int n = Xutf8LookupString(xic, &xevent->xkey, str, 7, sym, &status); #else const int n = XmbLookupString(xic, &xevent->xkey, str, 7, sym, &status); #endif return status == XBufferOverflow ? 0 : n; } static void translateKey(PuglView* const view, XEvent* const xevent, PuglEvent* const event) { const unsigned state = xevent->xkey.state; const bool filter = XFilterEvent(xevent, None); event->key.keycode = xevent->xkey.keycode; xevent->xkey.state = 0; // Lookup unshifted key char ustr[8] = {0}; KeySym sym = 0; const int ufound = XLookupString(&xevent->xkey, ustr, 8, &sym, NULL); const PuglKey special = keySymToSpecial(sym); event->key.key = ((special || ufound <= 0) ? special : puglDecodeUTF8((const uint8_t*)ustr)); if (xevent->type == KeyPress && !filter && !special && view->impl->xic) { // Lookup shifted key for possible text event xevent->xkey.state = state; char sstr[8] = {0}; const int sfound = lookupString(view->impl->xic, xevent, sstr, &sym); if (sfound > 0) { // Dispatch key event now puglDispatchEvent(view, event); // "Return" a text event in its place event->text.type = PUGL_TEXT; event->text.character = puglDecodeUTF8((const uint8_t*)sstr); memcpy(event->text.string, sstr, sizeof(sstr)); } } } static uint32_t translateModifiers(const unsigned xstate) { return (((xstate & ShiftMask) ? PUGL_MOD_SHIFT : 0U) | ((xstate & ControlMask) ? PUGL_MOD_CTRL : 0U) | ((xstate & Mod1Mask) ? PUGL_MOD_ALT : 0U) | ((xstate & Mod4Mask) ? PUGL_MOD_SUPER : 0U)); } static PuglStatus getAtomProperty(PuglView* const view, const Window window, const Atom property, unsigned long* numValues, Atom** values) { Atom actualType = 0; int actualFormat = 0; unsigned long bytesAfter = 0; return (XGetWindowProperty(view->world->impl->display, window, property, 0, LONG_MAX, False, XA_ATOM, &actualType, &actualFormat, numValues, &bytesAfter, (unsigned char**)values) == Success) ? PUGL_SUCCESS : PUGL_FAILURE; } static PuglX11Clipboard* getX11SelectionClipboard(PuglView* const view, const Atom selection) { return (selection == view->world->impl->atoms.CLIPBOARD) ? &view->impl->clipboard : NULL; } static void setClipboardFormats(PuglView* const view, PuglX11Clipboard* const board, const unsigned long numFormats, const Atom* const formats) { Atom* const newFormats = (Atom*)realloc(board->formats, numFormats * sizeof(Atom)); if (!newFormats) { return; } for (unsigned long i = 0; i < board->numFormats; ++i) { free(board->formatStrings[i]); board->formatStrings[i] = NULL; } board->formats = newFormats; board->numFormats = 0; board->formatStrings = (char**)realloc(board->formatStrings, numFormats * sizeof(char*)); for (unsigned long i = 0; i < numFormats; ++i) { if (formats[i]) { char* const name = XGetAtomName(view->world->impl->display, formats[i]); const char* type = NULL; if (strchr(name, '/')) { // MIME type (hopefully) type = name; } else if (!strcmp(name, "UTF8_STRING")) { // Plain text type = "text/plain"; } if (type) { const size_t typeLen = strlen(type); char* const formatString = (char*)calloc(typeLen + 1, 1); memcpy(formatString, type, typeLen + 1); board->formats[board->numFormats] = formats[i]; board->formatStrings[board->numFormats] = formatString; ++board->numFormats; } XFree(name); } } } static PuglEvent translateClientMessage(PuglView* const view, XClientMessageEvent message) { const PuglX11Atoms* const atoms = &view->world->impl->atoms; PuglEvent event = {{PUGL_NOTHING, 0}}; if (message.message_type == atoms->WM_PROTOCOLS) { const Atom protocol = (Atom)message.data.l[0]; if (protocol == atoms->WM_DELETE_WINDOW) { event.type = PUGL_CLOSE; } } else if (message.message_type == atoms->PUGL_CLIENT_MSG) { event.type = PUGL_CLIENT; event.client.data1 = (uintptr_t)message.data.l[0]; event.client.data2 = (uintptr_t)message.data.l[1]; } return event; } static PuglEvent getCurrentConfiguration(PuglView* const view) { // Get initial window position and size XWindowAttributes attrs; XGetWindowAttributes(view->world->impl->display, view->impl->win, &attrs); // Build a configure event with the current position and size PuglEvent configureEvent = {{PUGL_CONFIGURE, 0}}; configureEvent.configure.x = (PuglCoord)attrs.x; configureEvent.configure.y = (PuglCoord)attrs.y; configureEvent.configure.width = (PuglSpan)attrs.width; configureEvent.configure.height = (PuglSpan)attrs.height; return configureEvent; } static PuglEvent translatePropertyNotify(PuglView* const view, XPropertyEvent message) { const PuglX11Atoms* const atoms = &view->world->impl->atoms; PuglEvent event = {{PUGL_NOTHING, 0}}; if (message.atom == atoms->NET_WM_STATE) { unsigned long numHints = 0; Atom* hints = NULL; if (getAtomProperty( view, view->impl->win, message.atom, &numHints, &hints)) { return event; } bool hidden = false; for (unsigned long i = 0; i < numHints; ++i) { if (hints[i] == atoms->NET_WM_STATE_HIDDEN) { hidden = true; } } if (hidden && view->visible) { event.type = PUGL_UNMAP; } else if (!hidden && !view->visible) { event.type = PUGL_MAP; } XFree(hints); } return event; } static PuglEvent translateEvent(PuglView* const view, XEvent xevent) { PuglEvent event = {{PUGL_NOTHING, 0}}; event.any.flags = xevent.xany.send_event ? PUGL_IS_SEND_EVENT : 0; switch (xevent.type) { case ClientMessage: event = translateClientMessage(view, xevent.xclient); break; case PropertyNotify: event = translatePropertyNotify(view, xevent.xproperty); break; case VisibilityNotify: event.type = (xevent.xvisibility.state == VisibilityFullyObscured) ? PUGL_UNMAP : PUGL_MAP; break; case MapNotify: event.type = PUGL_MAP; break; case UnmapNotify: event.type = PUGL_UNMAP; break; case ConfigureNotify: event.type = PUGL_CONFIGURE; event.configure.x = (PuglCoord)xevent.xconfigure.x; event.configure.y = (PuglCoord)xevent.xconfigure.y; event.configure.width = (PuglSpan)xevent.xconfigure.width; event.configure.height = (PuglSpan)xevent.xconfigure.height; break; case Expose: event.type = PUGL_EXPOSE; event.expose.x = (PuglCoord)xevent.xexpose.x; event.expose.y = (PuglCoord)xevent.xexpose.y; event.expose.width = (PuglSpan)xevent.xexpose.width; event.expose.height = (PuglSpan)xevent.xexpose.height; break; case MotionNotify: event.type = PUGL_MOTION; event.motion.time = (double)xevent.xmotion.time / 1e3; event.motion.x = xevent.xmotion.x; event.motion.y = xevent.xmotion.y; event.motion.xRoot = xevent.xmotion.x_root; event.motion.yRoot = xevent.xmotion.y_root; event.motion.state = translateModifiers(xevent.xmotion.state); if (xevent.xmotion.is_hint == NotifyHint) { event.motion.flags |= PUGL_IS_HINT; } break; case ButtonPress: case ButtonRelease: if (xevent.type == ButtonPress && xevent.xbutton.button >= 4 && xevent.xbutton.button <= 7) { event.type = PUGL_SCROLL; event.scroll.time = (double)xevent.xbutton.time / 1e3; event.scroll.x = xevent.xbutton.x; event.scroll.y = xevent.xbutton.y; event.scroll.xRoot = xevent.xbutton.x_root; event.scroll.yRoot = xevent.xbutton.y_root; event.scroll.state = translateModifiers(xevent.xbutton.state); event.scroll.dx = 0.0; event.scroll.dy = 0.0; switch (xevent.xbutton.button) { case 4: event.scroll.dy = 1.0; event.scroll.direction = PUGL_SCROLL_UP; break; case 5: event.scroll.dy = -1.0; event.scroll.direction = PUGL_SCROLL_DOWN; break; case 6: event.scroll.dx = -1.0; event.scroll.direction = PUGL_SCROLL_LEFT; break; case 7: event.scroll.dx = 1.0; event.scroll.direction = PUGL_SCROLL_RIGHT; break; } } else if (xevent.xbutton.button < 4 || xevent.xbutton.button > 7) { event.button.type = ((xevent.type == ButtonPress) ? PUGL_BUTTON_PRESS : PUGL_BUTTON_RELEASE); event.button.time = (double)xevent.xbutton.time / 1e3; event.button.x = xevent.xbutton.x; event.button.y = xevent.xbutton.y; event.button.xRoot = xevent.xbutton.x_root; event.button.yRoot = xevent.xbutton.y_root; event.button.state = translateModifiers(xevent.xbutton.state); event.button.button = xevent.xbutton.button - 1; if (event.button.button == 1) { event.button.button = 2; } else if (event.button.button == 2) { event.button.button = 1; } else if (event.button.button >= 7) { event.button.button -= 4; } } break; case KeyPress: case KeyRelease: event.type = ((xevent.type == KeyPress) ? PUGL_KEY_PRESS : PUGL_KEY_RELEASE); event.key.time = (double)xevent.xkey.time / 1e3; event.key.x = xevent.xkey.x; event.key.y = xevent.xkey.y; event.key.xRoot = xevent.xkey.x_root; event.key.yRoot = xevent.xkey.y_root; event.key.state = translateModifiers(xevent.xkey.state); translateKey(view, &xevent, &event); break; case EnterNotify: case LeaveNotify: event.type = ((xevent.type == EnterNotify) ? PUGL_POINTER_IN : PUGL_POINTER_OUT); event.crossing.time = (double)xevent.xcrossing.time / 1e3; event.crossing.x = xevent.xcrossing.x; event.crossing.y = xevent.xcrossing.y; event.crossing.xRoot = xevent.xcrossing.x_root; event.crossing.yRoot = xevent.xcrossing.y_root; event.crossing.state = translateModifiers(xevent.xcrossing.state); event.crossing.mode = PUGL_CROSSING_NORMAL; if (xevent.xcrossing.mode == NotifyGrab) { event.crossing.mode = PUGL_CROSSING_GRAB; } else if (xevent.xcrossing.mode == NotifyUngrab) { event.crossing.mode = PUGL_CROSSING_UNGRAB; } break; case FocusIn: case FocusOut: event.type = (xevent.type == FocusIn) ? PUGL_FOCUS_IN : PUGL_FOCUS_OUT; event.focus.mode = PUGL_CROSSING_NORMAL; if (xevent.xfocus.mode == NotifyGrab) { event.focus.mode = PUGL_CROSSING_GRAB; } else if (xevent.xfocus.mode == NotifyUngrab) { event.focus.mode = PUGL_CROSSING_UNGRAB; } break; default: break; } return event; } PuglStatus puglGrabFocus(PuglView* const view) { PuglInternals* const impl = view->impl; Display* const display = view->world->impl->display; XWindowAttributes attrs = PUGL_INIT_STRUCT; if (!impl->win || !XGetWindowAttributes(display, impl->win, &attrs)) { return PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR; } if (attrs.map_state != IsViewable) { return PUGL_FAILURE; } XSetInputFocus(display, impl->win, RevertToNone, CurrentTime); return PUGL_SUCCESS; } bool puglHasFocus(const PuglView* const view) { int revertTo = 0; Window focusedWindow = 0; XGetInputFocus(view->world->impl->display, &focusedWindow, &revertTo); return focusedWindow == view->impl->win; } PuglStatus puglRequestAttention(PuglView* const view) { PuglInternals* const impl = view->impl; Display* const display = view->world->impl->display; const PuglX11Atoms* const atoms = &view->world->impl->atoms; XEvent event = PUGL_INIT_STRUCT; event.type = ClientMessage; event.xclient.window = impl->win; event.xclient.format = 32; event.xclient.message_type = atoms->NET_WM_STATE; event.xclient.data.l[0] = WM_STATE_ADD; event.xclient.data.l[1] = (long)atoms->NET_WM_STATE_DEMANDS_ATTENTION; event.xclient.data.l[2] = 0; event.xclient.data.l[3] = 1; event.xclient.data.l[4] = 0; const Window root = RootWindow(display, impl->screen); return XSendEvent(display, root, False, SubstructureNotifyMask | SubstructureRedirectMask, &event) ? PUGL_SUCCESS : PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR; } PuglStatus puglStartTimer(PuglView* const view, const uintptr_t id, const double timeout) { #ifdef HAVE_XSYNC if (view->world->impl->syncSupported) { XSyncValue value; XSyncIntToValue(&value, (int)floor(timeout * 1000.0)); PuglWorldInternals* w = view->world->impl; Display* const display = w->display; const XSyncCounter counter = w->serverTimeCounter; const XSyncTestType type = XSyncPositiveTransition; const XSyncTrigger trigger = {counter, XSyncRelative, value, type}; XSyncAlarmAttributes attr = {trigger, value, True, XSyncAlarmActive}; const XSyncAlarm alarm = XSyncCreateAlarm(display, 0x17, &attr); const PuglTimer timer = {alarm, view, id}; if (alarm != None) { for (size_t i = 0; i < w->numTimers; ++i) { if (w->timers[i].view == view && w->timers[i].id == id) { // Replace existing timer XSyncDestroyAlarm(w->display, w->timers[i].alarm); w->timers[i] = timer; return PUGL_SUCCESS; } } // Add new timer const size_t size = ++w->numTimers * sizeof(timer); w->timers = (PuglTimer*)realloc(w->timers, size); w->timers[w->numTimers - 1] = timer; return PUGL_SUCCESS; } } #else (void)view; (void)id; (void)timeout; #endif return PUGL_FAILURE; } PuglStatus puglStopTimer(PuglView* const view, const uintptr_t id) { #ifdef HAVE_XSYNC PuglWorldInternals* w = view->world->impl; for (size_t i = 0; i < w->numTimers; ++i) { if (w->timers[i].view == view && w->timers[i].id == id) { XSyncDestroyAlarm(w->display, w->timers[i].alarm); if (i == w->numTimers - 1) { memset(&w->timers[i], 0, sizeof(PuglTimer)); } else { memmove(w->timers + i, w->timers + i + 1, sizeof(PuglTimer) * (w->numTimers - i - 1)); memset(&w->timers[i], 0, sizeof(PuglTimer)); } --w->numTimers; return PUGL_SUCCESS; } } #else (void)view; (void)id; #endif return PUGL_FAILURE; } static XEvent eventToX(PuglView* const view, const PuglEvent* const event) { XEvent xev = PUGL_INIT_STRUCT; xev.xany.send_event = True; switch (event->type) { case PUGL_EXPOSE: { const double x = floor(event->expose.x); const double y = floor(event->expose.y); const double w = ceil(event->expose.x + event->expose.width) - x; const double h = ceil(event->expose.y + event->expose.height) - y; xev.xexpose.type = Expose; xev.xexpose.serial = 0; xev.xexpose.display = view->world->impl->display; xev.xexpose.window = view->impl->win; xev.xexpose.x = (int)x; xev.xexpose.y = (int)y; xev.xexpose.width = (int)w; xev.xexpose.height = (int)h; break; } case PUGL_CLIENT: xev.xclient.type = ClientMessage; xev.xclient.serial = 0; xev.xclient.send_event = True; xev.xclient.display = view->world->impl->display; xev.xclient.window = view->impl->win; xev.xclient.message_type = view->world->impl->atoms.PUGL_CLIENT_MSG; xev.xclient.format = 32; xev.xclient.data.l[0] = (long)event->client.data1; xev.xclient.data.l[1] = (long)event->client.data2; break; default: break; } return xev; } PuglStatus puglSendEvent(PuglView* const view, const PuglEvent* const event) { XEvent xev = eventToX(view, event); if (xev.type) { return XSendEvent( view->world->impl->display, view->impl->win, False, 0, &xev) ? PUGL_SUCCESS : PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR; } return PUGL_UNSUPPORTED; } #ifndef PUGL_DISABLE_DEPRECATED PuglStatus puglWaitForEvent(PuglView* const view) { XEvent xevent; XPeekEvent(view->world->impl->display, &xevent); return PUGL_SUCCESS; } #endif static void mergeExposeEvents(PuglExposeEvent* const dst, const PuglExposeEvent* const src) { if (!dst->type) { *dst = *src; } else { const int dst_r = dst->x + dst->width; const int src_r = src->x + src->width; const int max_x = MAX(dst_r, src_r); const int dst_b = dst->y + dst->height; const int src_b = src->y + src->height; const int max_y = MAX(dst_b, src_b); dst->x = (PuglCoord)MIN(dst->x, src->x); dst->y = (PuglCoord)MIN(dst->y, src->y); dst->width = (PuglSpan)(max_x - dst->x); dst->height = (PuglSpan)(max_y - dst->y); } } static PuglStatus retrieveSelection(const PuglWorld* const world, PuglView* const view, const Atom property, const Atom type, PuglBlob* const result) { uint8_t* value = NULL; Atom actualType = 0U; int actualFormat = 0; unsigned long actualNumItems = 0U; unsigned long bytesAfter = 0U; if (XGetWindowProperty(world->impl->display, view->impl->win, property, 0, 0x1FFFFFFF, False, type, &actualType, &actualFormat, &actualNumItems, &bytesAfter, &value) != Success) { return PUGL_FAILURE; } if (value && actualFormat == 8 && bytesAfter == 0) { puglSetBlob(result, value, actualNumItems); } XFree(value); return PUGL_SUCCESS; } static void handleSelectionNotify(const PuglWorld* const world, PuglView* const view, const XSelectionEvent* const event) { const PuglX11Atoms* const atoms = &world->impl->atoms; Display* const display = view->world->impl->display; const Atom selection = event->selection; PuglX11Clipboard* const board = getX11SelectionClipboard(view, selection); PuglEvent puglEvent = {{PUGL_NOTHING, 0}}; if (event->target == atoms->TARGETS) { // Notification of available datatypes unsigned long numFormats = 0; Atom* formats = NULL; if (!getAtomProperty( view, event->requestor, event->property, &numFormats, &formats)) { setClipboardFormats(view, board, numFormats, formats); const PuglDataOfferEvent offer = { PUGL_DATA_OFFER, 0, (double)event->time / 1e3}; puglEvent.offer = offer; board->acceptedFormatIndex = UINT32_MAX; board->acceptedFormat = None; XFree(formats); } } else if (event->selection == atoms->CLIPBOARD && event->property == XA_PRIMARY && board->acceptedFormatIndex < board->numFormats) { // Notification of data from the clipboard if (!retrieveSelection( world, view, event->property, event->target, &board->data)) { board->source = XGetSelectionOwner(display, board->selection); const PuglDataEvent data = { PUGL_DATA, 0U, (double)event->time / 1e3, board->acceptedFormatIndex}; puglEvent.data = data; } } puglDispatchEvent(view, &puglEvent); } static PuglStatus handleSelectionRequest(const PuglWorld* const world, PuglView* const view, const XSelectionRequestEvent* const request) { Display* const display = world->impl->display; const PuglX11Atoms* const atoms = &world->impl->atoms; PuglX11Clipboard* const board = getX11SelectionClipboard(view, request->selection); if (!board) { return PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR; } if (request->target == atoms->TARGETS) { XChangeProperty(world->impl->display, request->requestor, request->property, XA_ATOM, 32, PropModeReplace, (const uint8_t*)board->formats, (int)board->numFormats); } else { XChangeProperty(world->impl->display, request->requestor, request->property, request->target, 8, PropModeReplace, (const uint8_t*)board->data.data, (int)board->data.len); } XSelectionEvent note = {SelectionNotify, request->serial, False, display, request->requestor, request->selection, request->target, request->property, request->time}; return XSendEvent( world->impl->display, note.requestor, True, 0, (XEvent*)¬e) ? PUGL_SUCCESS : PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR; } /// Flush pending configure and expose events for all views PUGL_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT static PuglStatus flushExposures(PuglWorld* const world) { PuglStatus st0 = PUGL_SUCCESS; PuglStatus st1 = PUGL_SUCCESS; PuglStatus st2 = PUGL_SUCCESS; for (size_t i = 0; i < world->numViews; ++i) { PuglView* const view = world->views[i]; // Send update event so the application can trigger redraws if (view->visible) { puglDispatchSimpleEvent(view, PUGL_UPDATE); } // Copy and reset pending events (in case their handlers write new ones) const PuglEvent configure = view->impl->pendingConfigure; const PuglEvent expose = view->impl->pendingExpose; view->impl->pendingConfigure.type = PUGL_NOTHING; view->impl->pendingExpose.type = PUGL_NOTHING; if (expose.type) { if (!(st0 = view->backend->enter(view, &expose.expose))) { if (configure.type) { st0 = puglConfigure(view, &configure); } st1 = puglExpose(view, &expose); st2 = view->backend->leave(view, &expose.expose); } } else if (configure.type) { if (!(st0 = view->backend->enter(view, NULL))) { st0 = puglConfigure(view, &configure); st1 = view->backend->leave(view, NULL); } } } return st0 ? st0 : st1 ? st1 : st2; } static bool handleTimerEvent(PuglWorld* const world, const XEvent xevent) { #ifdef HAVE_XSYNC if (xevent.type == world->impl->syncEventBase + XSyncAlarmNotify) { const XSyncAlarmNotifyEvent* const notify = ((const XSyncAlarmNotifyEvent*)&xevent); for (size_t i = 0; i < world->impl->numTimers; ++i) { if (world->impl->timers[i].alarm == notify->alarm) { PuglEvent event = {{PUGL_TIMER, 0}}; event.timer.id = world->impl->timers[i].id; puglDispatchEvent(world->impl->timers[i].view, &event); } } return true; } #else (void)world; (void)xevent; #endif return false; } static PuglStatus dispatchCurrentConfiguration(PuglView* const view) { const PuglEvent configureEvent = getCurrentConfiguration(view); return puglDispatchEvent(view, &configureEvent); } static PuglStatus dispatchX11Events(PuglWorld* const world) { PuglStatus st0 = PUGL_SUCCESS; PuglStatus st1 = PUGL_SUCCESS; // Flush output to the server once at the start Display* display = world->impl->display; XFlush(display); // Process all queued events (without further flushing) while (XEventsQueued(display, QueuedAfterReading) > 0) { XEvent xevent; XNextEvent(display, &xevent); if (handleTimerEvent(world, xevent)) { continue; } PuglView* const view = findView(world, xevent.xany.window); if (!view) { continue; } // Handle special events PuglInternals* const impl = view->impl; if (xevent.type == KeyRelease && view->hints[PUGL_IGNORE_KEY_REPEAT]) { XEvent next; if (XCheckTypedWindowEvent(display, impl->win, KeyPress, &next) && next.type == KeyPress && next.xkey.time == xevent.xkey.time && next.xkey.keycode == xevent.xkey.keycode) { continue; } } else if (xevent.type == SelectionClear) { PuglX11Clipboard* const board = getX11SelectionClipboard(view, xevent.xselectionclear.selection); if (board) { clearX11Clipboard(board); } } else if (xevent.type == SelectionNotify) { handleSelectionNotify(world, view, &xevent.xselection); } else if (xevent.type == SelectionRequest) { handleSelectionRequest(world, view, &xevent.xselectionrequest); } // Translate X11 event to Pugl event const PuglEvent event = translateEvent(view, xevent); switch (event.type) { case PUGL_CONFIGURE: // Update configure event to be dispatched after loop view->impl->pendingConfigure = event; break; case PUGL_MAP: // Dispatch an initial configure (if necessary), then the map event st0 = dispatchCurrentConfiguration(view); st1 = puglDispatchEvent(view, &event); break; case PUGL_EXPOSE: // Expand expose event to be dispatched after loop mergeExposeEvents(&view->impl->pendingExpose.expose, &event.expose); break; case PUGL_FOCUS_IN: // Set the input context focus if (view->impl->xic) { XSetICFocus(view->impl->xic); } break; case PUGL_FOCUS_OUT: // Unset the input context focus if (view->impl->xic) { XUnsetICFocus(view->impl->xic); } break; default: // Dispatch event to application immediately st0 = puglDispatchEvent(view, &event); break; } } return st0 ? st0 : st1; } #ifndef PUGL_DISABLE_DEPRECATED PuglStatus puglProcessEvents(PuglView* const view) { return puglUpdate(view->world, 0.0); } #endif PuglStatus puglUpdate(PuglWorld* const world, const double timeout) { const double startTime = puglGetTime(world); PuglStatus st0 = PUGL_SUCCESS; PuglStatus st1 = PUGL_SUCCESS; world->impl->dispatchingEvents = true; if (timeout < 0.0) { st0 = pollX11Socket(world, timeout); st0 = st0 ? st0 : dispatchX11Events(world); } else if (timeout <= 0.001) { st0 = dispatchX11Events(world); } else { const double endTime = startTime + timeout - 0.001; double t = startTime; while (!st0 && t < endTime) { if (!(st0 = pollX11Socket(world, endTime - t))) { st0 = dispatchX11Events(world); } t = puglGetTime(world); } } st1 = flushExposures(world); world->impl->dispatchingEvents = false; return st0 ? st0 : st1; } double puglGetTime(const PuglWorld* const world) { struct timespec ts; clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts); return ((double)ts.tv_sec + (double)ts.tv_nsec / 1000000000.0) - world->startTime; } PuglStatus puglPostRedisplay(PuglView* const view) { const PuglRect rect = {0, 0, view->frame.width, view->frame.height}; return puglPostRedisplayRect(view, rect); } PuglStatus puglPostRedisplayRect(PuglView* const view, const PuglRect rect) { const PuglExposeEvent event = { PUGL_EXPOSE, 0, rect.x, rect.y, rect.width, rect.height}; if (view->world->impl->dispatchingEvents) { // Currently dispatching events, add/expand expose for the loop end mergeExposeEvents(&view->impl->pendingExpose.expose, &event); } else if (view->visible) { // Not dispatching events, send an X expose so we wake up next time PuglEvent exposeEvent = {{PUGL_EXPOSE, 0}}; exposeEvent.expose = event; return puglSendEvent(view, &exposeEvent); } return PUGL_SUCCESS; } PuglNativeView puglGetNativeView(PuglView* const view) { return (PuglNativeView)view->impl->win; } PuglStatus puglSetWindowTitle(PuglView* const view, const char* const title) { Display* display = view->world->impl->display; const PuglX11Atoms* const atoms = &view->world->impl->atoms; puglSetString(&view->title, title); if (view->impl->win) { XStoreName(display, view->impl->win, title); XChangeProperty(display, view->impl->win, atoms->NET_WM_NAME, atoms->UTF8_STRING, 8, PropModeReplace, (const uint8_t*)title, (int)strlen(title)); } return PUGL_SUCCESS; } double puglGetScaleFactor(const PuglView* const view) { return view->world->impl->scaleFactor; } PuglStatus puglSetFrame(PuglView* const view, const PuglRect frame) { if (view->impl->win) { if (!XMoveResizeWindow(view->world->impl->display, view->impl->win, frame.x, frame.y, frame.width, frame.height)) { return PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR; } } view->frame = frame; return PUGL_SUCCESS; } PuglStatus puglSetPosition(PuglView* const view, const int x, const int y) { Display* const display = view->world->impl->display; const Window win = view->impl->win; if (x > INT16_MAX || y > INT16_MAX) { return PUGL_BAD_PARAMETER; } if (win && !XMoveWindow(display, win, x, y)) { return PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR; } view->frame.x = (PuglCoord)x; view->frame.y = (PuglCoord)y; return PUGL_SUCCESS; } PuglStatus puglSetSize(PuglView* const view, const unsigned width, const unsigned height) { Display* const display = view->world->impl->display; const Window win = view->impl->win; if (width > INT16_MAX || height > INT16_MAX) { return PUGL_BAD_PARAMETER; } if (win && !XResizeWindow(display, win, width, height)) { return PUGL_UNKNOWN_ERROR; } view->frame.width = (PuglSpan)width; view->frame.height = (PuglSpan)height; return PUGL_SUCCESS; } PuglStatus puglSetSizeHint(PuglView* const view, const PuglSizeHint hint, const PuglSpan width, const PuglSpan height) { view->sizeHints[hint].width = width; view->sizeHints[hint].height = height; return updateSizeHints(view); } PuglStatus puglSetTransientParent(PuglView* const view, const PuglNativeView parent) { Display* display = view->world->impl->display; if (view->parent) { return PUGL_FAILURE; } view->transientParent = parent; if (view->impl->win) { XSetTransientForHint( display, view->impl->win, (Window)view->transientParent); } return PUGL_SUCCESS; } const void* puglGetClipboard(PuglView* const view, const uint32_t typeIndex, size_t* const len) { Display* const display = view->world->impl->display; PuglX11Clipboard* const board = &view->impl->clipboard; if (typeIndex != board->acceptedFormatIndex) { return NULL; } const Window owner = XGetSelectionOwner(display, board->selection); if (!owner || owner != board->source) { *len = 0; return NULL; } *len = board->data.len; return board->data.data; } PuglStatus puglAcceptOffer(PuglView* const view, const PuglDataOfferEvent* const offer, const uint32_t typeIndex) { (void)offer; PuglInternals* const impl = view->impl; Display* const display = view->world->impl->display; PuglX11Clipboard* const board = &view->impl->clipboard; board->acceptedFormatIndex = typeIndex; board->acceptedFormat = board->formats[typeIndex]; // Request the data in the specified type from the general clipboard XConvertSelection(display, board->selection, board->acceptedFormat, board->property, impl->win, CurrentTime); return PUGL_SUCCESS; } PuglStatus puglPaste(PuglView* const view) { Display* const display = view->world->impl->display; const PuglX11Atoms* atoms = &view->world->impl->atoms; const PuglX11Clipboard* board = &view->impl->clipboard; // Request a SelectionNotify for TARGETS (available datatypes) XConvertSelection(display, board->selection, atoms->TARGETS, board->property, view->impl->win, CurrentTime); return PUGL_SUCCESS; } uint32_t puglGetNumClipboardTypes(const PuglView* const view) { return (uint32_t)view->impl->clipboard.numFormats; } const char* puglGetClipboardType(const PuglView* const view, const uint32_t typeIndex) { const PuglX11Clipboard* const board = &view->impl->clipboard; return typeIndex < board->numFormats ? board->formatStrings[typeIndex] : NULL; } PuglStatus puglSetClipboard(PuglView* const view, const char* const type, const void* const data, const size_t len) { PuglInternals* const impl = view->impl; Display* const display = view->world->impl->display; PuglX11Clipboard* const board = &view->impl->clipboard; const PuglStatus st = puglSetBlob(&board->data, data, len); if (!st) { const Atom format = {XInternAtom(display, type, 0)}; setClipboardFormats(view, board, 1, &format); XSetSelectionOwner(display, board->selection, impl->win, CurrentTime); board->source = impl->win; } return st; } PuglStatus puglSetCursor(PuglView* const view, const PuglCursor cursor) { #ifdef HAVE_XCURSOR PuglInternals* const impl = view->impl; const unsigned index = (unsigned)cursor; const unsigned count = sizeof(cursor_names) / sizeof(cursor_names[0]); if (index >= count) { return PUGL_BAD_PARAMETER; } const char* const name = cursor_names[index]; if (!impl->win || impl->cursorName == name) { return PUGL_SUCCESS; } impl->cursorName = cursor_names[index]; return defineCursorName(view, impl->cursorName); #else (void)view; (void)cursor; return PUGL_FAILURE; #endif } // Semi-public platform API used by backends PuglStatus puglX11Configure(PuglView* view) { PuglInternals* const impl = view->impl; Display* const display = view->world->impl->display; XVisualInfo pat = PUGL_INIT_STRUCT; int n = 0; pat.screen = impl->screen; if (!(impl->vi = XGetVisualInfo(display, VisualScreenMask, &pat, &n))) { return PUGL_BAD_CONFIGURATION; } view->hints[PUGL_RED_BITS] = impl->vi->bits_per_rgb; view->hints[PUGL_GREEN_BITS] = impl->vi->bits_per_rgb; view->hints[PUGL_BLUE_BITS] = impl->vi->bits_per_rgb; view->hints[PUGL_ALPHA_BITS] = 0; return PUGL_SUCCESS; }