Use a fixed-size reader stack

13 files changed, 301 insertions, 208 deletions

diff --git a/NEWS b/NEWS
index 8c6ce835..49126c72 100644
--- a/NEWS
+++ b/NEWS
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ serd (1.1.1) unstable; urgency=medium
   * Remove support for reading Turtle named inline nodes extension
   * Remove useless character counting from API
   * Rename SerdChunk to SerdStringView
+  * Use a fixed-size reader stack
   * Use char* for strings in public API
 
  -- David Robillard <d@drobilla.net>  Wed, 13 Jul 2022 20:39:07 +0000
diff --git a/doc/man/serdi.1 b/doc/man/serdi.1
index a6b94f42..24a4ad46 100644
--- a/doc/man/serdi.1
+++ b/doc/man/serdi.1
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 .Op Fl abefhlqv
 .Op Fl c Ar prefix
 .Op Fl i Ar syntax
+.Op Fl k Ar bytes
 .Op Fl o Ar syntax
 .Op Fl p Ar prefix
 .Op Fl r Ar root
@@ -71,6 +72,12 @@ Case is ignored, valid values are:
 .Dq NTriples ,
 .Dq TriG ,
 .Dq Turtle .
+.It Fl k Ar bytes
+Parser stack size.
+Parsing is performed using a pre-allocated stack for performance and security reasons.
+By default, the stack is 1 MiB, which should be sufficient for most data.
+This can be increased to support unusually structured data and huge literals,
+or decreased to reduce overall memory requirements and reduce startup time.
 .It Fl l
 Lax (non-strict) parsing.
 If this is enabled, recoverable syntax errors will print a warning, but parsing will proceed starting at the next statement if possible.
diff --git a/include/serd/reader.h b/include/serd/reader.h
index 61b553db..e67717d7 100644
--- a/include/serd/reader.h
+++ b/include/serd/reader.h
@@ -29,7 +29,9 @@ typedef struct SerdReaderImpl SerdReader;
 
 /// Create a new RDF reader
 SERD_API SerdReader* SERD_ALLOCATED
-serd_reader_new(SerdSyntax syntax, const SerdSink* SERD_NONNULL sink);
+serd_reader_new(SerdSyntax                   syntax,
+                const SerdSink* SERD_NONNULL sink,
+                size_t                       stack_size);
 
 /**
    Enable or disable strict parsing.
diff --git a/src/n3.c b/src/n3.c
index cd7e5a03..e35b8940 100644
--- a/src/n3.c
+++ b/src/n3.c
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ fancy_syntax(const SerdReader* const reader)
 }
 
 static SerdStatus
-read_collection(SerdReader* reader, ReadContext ctx, Ref* dest);
+read_collection(SerdReader* reader, ReadContext ctx, SerdNode** dest);
 
 static SerdStatus
 read_predicateObjectList(SerdReader* reader, ReadContext ctx, bool* ate_dot);
@@ -58,7 +58,9 @@ read_HEX(SerdReader* const reader)
 
 // Read UCHAR escape, initial \ is already eaten by caller
 static SerdStatus
-read_UCHAR(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest, uint32_t* const char_code)
+read_UCHAR(SerdReader* const reader,
+           SerdNode* const   dest,
+           uint32_t* const   char_code)
 {
   const int b      = peek_byte(reader);
   unsigned  length = 0;
@@ -99,9 +101,9 @@ read_UCHAR(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest, uint32_t* const char_code)
   } else {
     r_err(
       reader, SERD_BAD_SYNTAX, "unicode character 0x%X out of range\n", code);
-    push_bytes(reader, dest, replacement_char, 3);
-    *char_code = 0xFFFD;
-    return SERD_SUCCESS;
+    *char_code          = 0xFFFD;
+    const SerdStatus st = push_bytes(reader, dest, replacement_char, 3);
+    return st ? st : SERD_SUCCESS;
   }
 
   // Build output in buf
@@ -130,14 +132,15 @@ read_UCHAR(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest, uint32_t* const char_code)
     break;
   }
 
-  push_bytes(reader, dest, buf, size);
   *char_code = code;
-  return SERD_SUCCESS;
+  return push_bytes(reader, dest, buf, size);
 }
 
 // Read ECHAR escape, initial \ is already eaten by caller
 static SerdStatus
-read_ECHAR(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest, SerdNodeFlags* const flags)
+read_ECHAR(SerdReader* const    reader,
+           SerdNode* const      dest,
+           SerdNodeFlags* const flags)
 {
   SerdStatus st = SERD_SUCCESS;
   const int  c  = peek_byte(reader);
@@ -201,23 +204,24 @@ read_utf8_bytes(SerdReader* const reader,
 }
 
 static SerdStatus
-read_utf8_character(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest, const uint8_t c)
+read_utf8_character(SerdReader* const reader,
+                    SerdNode* const   dest,
+                    const uint8_t     c)
 {
   uint32_t   size     = 0;
   uint8_t    bytes[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
   SerdStatus st       = read_utf8_bytes(reader, bytes, &size, c);
   if (st) {
     push_bytes(reader, dest, replacement_char, 3);
-  } else {
-    push_bytes(reader, dest, bytes, size);
+    return st;
   }
 
-  return st;
+  return push_bytes(reader, dest, bytes, size);
 }
 
 static SerdStatus
 read_utf8_code(SerdReader* const reader,
-               const Ref         dest,
+               SerdNode* const   dest,
                uint32_t* const   code,
                const uint8_t     c)
 {
@@ -229,8 +233,10 @@ read_utf8_code(SerdReader* const reader,
     return st;
   }
 
-  push_bytes(reader, dest, bytes, size);
-  *code = parse_counted_utf8_char(bytes, size);
+  if (!(st = push_bytes(reader, dest, bytes, size))) {
+    *code = parse_counted_utf8_char(bytes, size);
+  }
+
   return st;
 }
 
@@ -238,7 +244,7 @@ read_utf8_code(SerdReader* const reader,
 // The first byte, c, has already been eaten by caller
 static SerdStatus
 read_character(SerdReader* const    reader,
-               const Ref            dest,
+               SerdNode* const      dest,
                SerdNodeFlags* const flags,
                const uint8_t        c)
 {
@@ -255,9 +261,9 @@ read_character(SerdReader* const    reader,
     default:
       break;
     }
+
     return push_byte(reader, dest, c);
   }
-
   return read_utf8_character(reader, dest, c);
 }
 
@@ -322,7 +328,7 @@ eat_delim(SerdReader* const reader, const uint8_t delim)
 
 static SerdStatus
 read_string_escape(SerdReader* const    reader,
-                   const Ref            ref,
+                   SerdNode* const      ref,
                    SerdNodeFlags* const flags)
 {
   SerdStatus st   = SERD_SUCCESS;
@@ -339,7 +345,7 @@ read_string_escape(SerdReader* const    reader,
 // Initial triple quotes are already eaten by caller
 static SerdStatus
 read_STRING_LITERAL_LONG(SerdReader* const    reader,
-                         const Ref            ref,
+                         SerdNode* const      ref,
                          SerdNodeFlags* const flags,
                          const uint8_t        q)
 {
@@ -382,7 +388,7 @@ read_STRING_LITERAL_LONG(SerdReader* const    reader,
 // Initial quote is already eaten by caller
 static SerdStatus
 read_STRING_LITERAL(SerdReader* const    reader,
-                    const Ref            ref,
+                    SerdNode* const      ref,
                     SerdNodeFlags* const flags,
                     const uint8_t        q)
 {
@@ -415,7 +421,7 @@ read_STRING_LITERAL(SerdReader* const    reader,
 
 static SerdStatus
 read_String(SerdReader* const    reader,
-            const Ref            node,
+            SerdNode* const      node,
             SerdNodeFlags* const flags)
 {
   const int q1 = eat_byte_safe(reader, peek_byte(reader));
@@ -459,7 +465,7 @@ is_PN_CHARS_BASE(const uint32_t c)
 }
 
 static SerdStatus
-read_PN_CHARS_BASE(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest)
+read_PN_CHARS_BASE(SerdReader* const reader, SerdNode* const dest)
 {
   uint32_t   code = 0;
   const int  c    = peek_byte(reader);
@@ -494,7 +500,7 @@ is_PN_CHARS(const uint32_t c)
 }
 
 static SerdStatus
-read_PN_CHARS(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest)
+read_PN_CHARS(SerdReader* const reader, SerdNode* const dest)
 {
   uint32_t   code = 0;
   const int  c    = peek_byte(reader);
@@ -520,7 +526,7 @@ read_PN_CHARS(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest)
 }
 
 static SerdStatus
-read_PERCENT(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest)
+read_PERCENT(SerdReader* const reader, SerdNode* const dest)
 {
   push_byte(reader, dest, eat_byte_safe(reader, '%'));
   const uint8_t h1 = read_HEX(reader);
@@ -534,7 +540,7 @@ read_PERCENT(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest)
 }
 
 static SerdStatus
-read_PN_LOCAL_ESC(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest)
+read_PN_LOCAL_ESC(SerdReader* const reader, SerdNode* const dest)
 {
   skip_byte(reader, '\\');
 
@@ -570,7 +576,7 @@ read_PN_LOCAL_ESC(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest)
 }
 
 static SerdStatus
-read_PLX(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest)
+read_PLX(SerdReader* const reader, SerdNode* const dest)
 {
   const int c = peek_byte(reader);
   switch (c) {
@@ -584,7 +590,9 @@ read_PLX(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest)
 }
 
 static SerdStatus
-read_PN_LOCAL(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest, bool* const ate_dot)
+read_PN_LOCAL(SerdReader* const reader,
+              SerdNode* const   dest,
+              bool* const       ate_dot)
 {
   int        c                      = peek_byte(reader);
   SerdStatus st                     = SERD_SUCCESS;
@@ -625,10 +633,9 @@ read_PN_LOCAL(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest, bool* const ate_dot)
     trailing_unescaped_dot = (c == '.');
   }
 
-  SerdNode* const n = deref(reader, dest);
   if (trailing_unescaped_dot) {
     // Ate trailing dot, pop it from stack/node and inform caller
-    --n->length;
+    --dest->length;
     serd_stack_pop(&reader->stack, 1);
     *ate_dot = true;
   }
@@ -638,28 +645,29 @@ read_PN_LOCAL(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest, bool* const ate_dot)
 
 // Read the remainder of a PN_PREFIX after some initial characters
 static SerdStatus
-read_PN_PREFIX_tail(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest)
+read_PN_PREFIX_tail(SerdReader* const reader, SerdNode* const dest)
 {
-  int c = 0;
+  SerdStatus st = SERD_SUCCESS;
+  int        c  = 0;
   while ((c = peek_byte(reader))) { // Middle: (PN_CHARS | '.')*
     if (c == '.') {
-      push_byte(reader, dest, eat_byte_safe(reader, c));
-    } else if (read_PN_CHARS(reader, dest)) {
+      st = push_byte(reader, dest, eat_byte_safe(reader, c));
+    } else if ((st = read_PN_CHARS(reader, dest))) {
       break;
     }
   }
 
-  const SerdNode* const n = deref(reader, dest);
-  if (serd_node_string(n)[serd_node_length(n) - 1] == '.' &&
+  if (st <= SERD_FAILURE &&
+      serd_node_string(dest)[serd_node_length(dest) - 1] == '.' &&
       read_PN_CHARS(reader, dest)) {
     return r_err(reader, SERD_BAD_SYNTAX, "prefix ends with '.'\n");
   }
 
-  return SERD_SUCCESS;
+  return st > SERD_FAILURE ? st : SERD_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 static SerdStatus
-read_PN_PREFIX(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest)
+read_PN_PREFIX(SerdReader* const reader, SerdNode* const dest)
 {
   const SerdStatus st = read_PN_CHARS_BASE(reader, dest);
 
@@ -667,33 +675,33 @@ read_PN_PREFIX(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest)
 }
 
 static SerdStatus
-read_LANGTAG(SerdReader* const reader, Ref* const dest)
+read_LANGTAG(SerdReader* const reader, SerdNode** const dest)
 {
   int c = peek_byte(reader);
   if (!is_alpha(c)) {
     return r_err(reader, SERD_BAD_SYNTAX, "unexpected '%c'\n", c);
   }
 
-  *dest = push_node(reader, SERD_LITERAL, "", 0);
+  if (!(*dest = push_node(reader, SERD_LITERAL, "", 0))) {
+    return SERD_BAD_STACK;
+  }
 
   SerdStatus st = SERD_SUCCESS;
   TRY(st, push_byte(reader, *dest, eat_byte_safe(reader, c)));
   while ((c = peek_byte(reader)) && is_alpha(c)) {
     TRY(st, push_byte(reader, *dest, eat_byte_safe(reader, c)));
   }
-
   while (peek_byte(reader) == '-') {
     TRY(st, push_byte(reader, *dest, eat_byte_safe(reader, '-')));
     while ((c = peek_byte(reader)) && (is_alpha(c) || is_digit(c))) {
       TRY(st, push_byte(reader, *dest, eat_byte_safe(reader, c)));
     }
   }
-
   return SERD_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 static SerdStatus
-read_IRIREF_scheme(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest)
+read_IRIREF_scheme(SerdReader* const reader, SerdNode* const dest)
 {
   int c = peek_byte(reader);
   if (!is_alpha(c)) {
@@ -723,7 +731,7 @@ read_IRIREF_scheme(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref dest)
 }
 
 static SerdStatus
-read_IRIREF(SerdReader* const reader, Ref* const dest)
+read_IRIREF(SerdReader* const reader, SerdNode** const dest)
 {
   if (!eat_byte_check(reader, '<')) {
     return SERD_BAD_SYNTAX;
@@ -807,7 +815,7 @@ read_IRIREF(SerdReader* const reader, Ref* const dest)
 
 static SerdStatus
 read_PrefixedName(SerdReader* const reader,
-                  const Ref         dest,
+                  SerdNode* const   dest,
                   const bool        read_prefix,
                   bool* const       ate_dot)
 {
@@ -827,7 +835,7 @@ read_PrefixedName(SerdReader* const reader,
 }
 
 static SerdStatus
-read_0_9(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref str, const bool at_least_one)
+read_0_9(SerdReader* const reader, SerdNode* const str, const bool at_least_one)
 {
   unsigned   count = 0;
   SerdStatus st    = SERD_SUCCESS;
@@ -844,8 +852,8 @@ read_0_9(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref str, const bool at_least_one)
 
 static SerdStatus
 read_number(SerdReader* const    reader,
-            Ref* const           dest,
-            Ref* const           datatype,
+            SerdNode** const     dest,
+            SerdNode** const     datatype,
             SerdNodeFlags* const flags,
             bool* const          ate_dot)
 {
@@ -858,9 +866,14 @@ read_number(SerdReader* const    reader,
   SerdStatus st          = SERD_SUCCESS;
   int        c           = peek_byte(reader);
   bool       has_decimal = false;
+  if (!*dest) {
+    return SERD_BAD_STACK;
+  }
+
   if (c == '-' || c == '+') {
     push_byte(reader, *dest, eat_byte_safe(reader, c));
   }
+
   if ((c = peek_byte(reader)) == '.') {
     has_decimal = true;
     // decimal case 2 (e.g. '.0' or '-.0' or '+.0')
@@ -914,22 +927,24 @@ read_number(SerdReader* const    reader,
 }
 
 static SerdStatus
-read_iri(SerdReader* const reader, Ref* const dest, bool* const ate_dot)
+read_iri(SerdReader* const reader, SerdNode** const dest, bool* const ate_dot)
 {
   switch (peek_byte(reader)) {
   case '<':
     return read_IRIREF(reader, dest);
   default:
-    *dest = push_node(reader, SERD_CURIE, "", 0);
+    if (!(*dest = push_node(reader, SERD_CURIE, "", 0))) {
+      return SERD_BAD_STACK;
+    }
     return read_PrefixedName(reader, *dest, true, ate_dot);
   }
 }
 
 static SerdStatus
 read_literal(SerdReader* const    reader,
-             Ref* const           dest,
-             Ref* const           datatype,
-             Ref* const           lang,
+             SerdNode** const     dest,
+             SerdNode** const     datatype,
+             SerdNode** const     lang,
              SerdNodeFlags* const flags,
              bool* const          ate_dot)
 {
@@ -971,7 +986,7 @@ read_literal(SerdReader* const    reader,
 }
 
 static SerdStatus
-read_verb(SerdReader* const reader, Ref* const dest)
+read_verb(SerdReader* const reader, SerdNode** const dest)
 {
   if (peek_byte(reader) == '<') {
     return read_IRIREF(reader, dest);
@@ -980,11 +995,13 @@ read_verb(SerdReader* const reader, Ref* const dest)
   /* Either a qname, or "a".  Read the prefix first, and if it is in fact
      "a", produce that instead.
   */
-  *dest = push_node(reader, SERD_CURIE, "", 0);
+  if (!(*dest = push_node(reader, SERD_CURIE, "", 0))) {
+    return SERD_BAD_STACK;
+  }
 
   SerdStatus st      = read_PN_PREFIX(reader, *dest);
   bool       ate_dot = false;
-  SerdNode*  node    = deref(reader, *dest);
+  SerdNode*  node    = *dest;
   const int  next    = peek_byte(reader);
   if (!st && node->length == 1 && serd_node_string(node)[0] == 'a' &&
       next != ':' && !is_PN_CHARS_BASE((uint32_t)next)) {
@@ -1005,7 +1022,7 @@ read_verb(SerdReader* const reader, Ref* const dest)
 
 static SerdStatus
 read_BLANK_NODE_LABEL(SerdReader* const reader,
-                      Ref* const        dest,
+                      SerdNode** const  dest,
                       bool* const       ate_dot)
 {
   skip_byte(reader, '_');
@@ -1013,30 +1030,36 @@ read_BLANK_NODE_LABEL(SerdReader* const reader,
     return SERD_BAD_SYNTAX;
   }
 
-  const Ref ref = *dest = push_node(reader,
-                                    SERD_BLANK,
-                                    reader->bprefix ? reader->bprefix : "",
-                                    reader->bprefix_len);
+  SerdStatus st = SERD_SUCCESS;
+
+  SerdNode* n = *dest = push_node(reader,
+                                  SERD_BLANK,
+                                  reader->bprefix ? reader->bprefix : "",
+                                  reader->bprefix_len);
 
   int c = peek_byte(reader); // First: (PN_CHARS | '_' | [0-9])
   if (is_digit(c) || c == '_') {
-    push_byte(reader, ref, eat_byte_safe(reader, c));
-  } else if (read_PN_CHARS(reader, ref)) {
-    *dest = pop_node(reader, *dest);
-    return r_err(reader, SERD_BAD_SYNTAX, "invalid name start\n");
+    push_byte(reader, n, eat_byte_safe(reader, c));
+  } else if ((st = read_PN_CHARS(reader, n))) {
+    st    = st > SERD_FAILURE ? st : SERD_BAD_SYNTAX;
+    *dest = pop_node(reader, n);
+    return r_err(reader, st, "invalid name start\n");
   }
 
   while ((c = peek_byte(reader))) { // Middle: (PN_CHARS | '.')*
     if (c == '.') {
-      push_byte(reader, ref, eat_byte_safe(reader, c));
-    } else if (read_PN_CHARS(reader, ref)) {
+      TRY(st, push_byte(reader, n, eat_byte_safe(reader, c)));
+    } else if ((st = read_PN_CHARS(reader, n))) {
       break;
     }
   }
 
-  SerdNode* n   = deref(reader, ref);
-  char*     buf = serd_node_buffer(n);
-  if (buf[n->length - 1] == '.' && read_PN_CHARS(reader, ref)) {
+  if (st > SERD_FAILURE) {
+    return st;
+  }
+
+  char* buf = serd_node_buffer(n);
+  if (buf[n->length - 1] == '.' && read_PN_CHARS(reader, n)) {
     // Ate trailing dot, pop it from stack/node and inform caller
     --n->length;
     serd_stack_pop(&reader->stack, 1);
@@ -1049,13 +1072,14 @@ read_BLANK_NODE_LABEL(SerdReader* const reader,
         buf[reader->bprefix_len] = 'B'; // Prevent clash
         reader->seen_genid       = true;
       } else if (reader->seen_genid && buf[reader->bprefix_len] == 'B') {
-        *dest = pop_node(reader, *dest);
+        *dest = pop_node(reader, n);
         return r_err(reader,
                      SERD_BAD_LABEL,
                      "found both 'b' and 'B' blank IDs, prefix required\n");
       }
     }
   }
+
   return SERD_SUCCESS;
 }
 
@@ -1063,7 +1087,7 @@ static SerdStatus
 read_anon(SerdReader* const reader,
           ReadContext       ctx,
           const bool        subject,
-          Ref* const        dest)
+          SerdNode** const  dest)
 {
   skip_byte(reader, '[');
 
@@ -1100,7 +1124,7 @@ read_anon(SerdReader* const reader,
       return r_err(reader, SERD_BAD_SYNTAX, "'.' inside blank\n");
     }
     read_ws_star(reader);
-    serd_sink_write_end(reader->sink, deref(reader, *dest));
+    serd_sink_write_end(reader->sink, *dest);
     *ctx.flags = old_flags;
   }
 
@@ -1128,10 +1152,9 @@ read_object(SerdReader* const  reader,
   SerdStatus st = SERD_FAILURE;
 
   bool      simple   = (ctx->subject != 0);
-  SerdNode* node     = NULL;
-  Ref       o        = 0;
-  Ref       datatype = 0;
-  Ref       lang     = 0;
+  SerdNode* o        = 0;
+  SerdNode* datatype = 0;
+  SerdNode* lang     = 0;
   uint32_t  flags    = 0;
   const int c        = peek_byte(reader);
   if (!fancy_syntax(reader)) {
@@ -1187,16 +1210,18 @@ read_object(SerdReader* const  reader,
     /* Either a boolean literal, or a qname.  Read the prefix first, and if
        it is in fact a "true" or "false" literal, produce that instead.
     */
-    o = push_node(reader, SERD_CURIE, "", 0);
+    if (!(o = push_node(reader, SERD_CURIE, "", 0))) {
+      return SERD_BAD_STACK;
+    }
+
     while (!read_PN_CHARS_BASE(reader, o)) {
     }
-    node = deref(reader, o);
-    if ((node->length == 4 && !memcmp(serd_node_string(node), "true", 4)) ||
-        (node->length == 5 && !memcmp(serd_node_string(node), "false", 5))) {
-      flags      = flags | SERD_HAS_DATATYPE;
-      node->type = SERD_LITERAL;
-      datatype   = push_node(reader, SERD_URI, XSD_BOOLEAN, XSD_BOOLEAN_LEN);
-      st         = SERD_SUCCESS;
+    if ((o->length == 4 && !memcmp(serd_node_string(o), "true", 4)) ||
+        (o->length == 5 && !memcmp(serd_node_string(o), "false", 5))) {
+      flags    = flags | SERD_HAS_DATATYPE;
+      o->type  = SERD_LITERAL;
+      datatype = push_node(reader, SERD_URI, XSD_BOOLEAN, XSD_BOOLEAN_LEN);
+      st       = SERD_SUCCESS;
     } else if (read_PN_PREFIX_tail(reader, o) > SERD_FAILURE) {
       st = SERD_BAD_SYNTAX;
     } else {
@@ -1209,7 +1234,7 @@ read_object(SerdReader* const  reader,
   }
 
   if (!st && simple && o) {
-    deref(reader, o)->flags = flags;
+    o->flags = flags;
   }
 
   if (!st && emit && simple) {
@@ -1289,8 +1314,8 @@ read_predicateObjectList(SerdReader* const reader,
 static SerdStatus
 end_collection(SerdReader* const reader,
                const ReadContext ctx,
-               const Ref         n1,
-               const Ref         n2,
+               SerdNode* const   n1,
+               SerdNode* const   n2,
                const SerdStatus  st)
 {
   pop_node(reader, n2);
@@ -1305,7 +1330,9 @@ end_collection(SerdReader* const reader,
 }
 
 static SerdStatus
-read_collection(SerdReader* const reader, ReadContext ctx, Ref* const dest)
+read_collection(SerdReader* const reader,
+                ReadContext       ctx,
+                SerdNode** const  dest)
 {
   SerdStatus st = SERD_SUCCESS;
 
@@ -1329,10 +1356,15 @@ read_collection(SerdReader* const reader, ReadContext ctx, Ref* const dest)
 
   /* The order of node allocation here is necessarily not in stack order,
      so we create two nodes and recycle them throughout. */
-  Ref n1   = push_node_padded(reader, genid_size(reader), SERD_BLANK, "", 0);
-  Ref n2   = 0;
-  Ref node = n1;
-  Ref rest = 0;
+  SerdNode* n1 =
+    push_node_padded(reader, genid_size(reader), SERD_BLANK, "", 0);
+  SerdNode* n2   = 0;
+  SerdNode* node = n1;
+  SerdNode* rest = 0;
+
+  if (!n1) {
+    return SERD_BAD_STACK;
+  }
 
   ctx.subject = *dest;
   while (!peek_delim(reader, ')')) {
@@ -1368,8 +1400,8 @@ read_collection(SerdReader* const reader, ReadContext ctx, Ref* const dest)
 
 static SerdStatus
 read_subject(SerdReader* const reader,
-             const ReadContext ctx,
-             Ref* const        dest,
+             ReadContext       ctx,
+             SerdNode** const  dest,
              int* const        s_type)
 {
   SerdStatus st      = SERD_SUCCESS;
@@ -1397,7 +1429,7 @@ read_subject(SerdReader* const reader,
 }
 
 static SerdStatus
-read_labelOrSubject(SerdReader* const reader, Ref* const dest)
+read_labelOrSubject(SerdReader* const reader, SerdNode** const dest)
 {
   bool ate_dot = false;
   switch (peek_byte(reader)) {
@@ -1450,9 +1482,9 @@ read_base(SerdReader* const reader, const bool sparql, const bool token)
 
   read_ws_star(reader);
 
-  Ref uri = 0;
+  SerdNode* uri = NULL;
   TRY(st, read_IRIREF(reader, &uri));
-  TRY(st, serd_sink_write_base(reader->sink, deref(reader, uri)));
+  TRY(st, serd_sink_write_base(reader->sink, uri));
   pop_node(reader, uri);
 
   read_ws_star(reader);
@@ -1476,7 +1508,11 @@ read_prefixID(SerdReader* const reader, const bool sparql, const bool token)
   }
 
   read_ws_star(reader);
-  Ref name = push_node(reader, SERD_LITERAL, "", 0);
+  SerdNode* name = push_node(reader, SERD_LITERAL, "", 0);
+  if (!name) {
+    return SERD_BAD_STACK;
+  }
+
   TRY_FAILING(st, read_PN_PREFIX(reader, name));
 
   if (eat_byte_check(reader, ':') != ':') {
@@ -1485,11 +1521,10 @@ read_prefixID(SerdReader* const reader, const bool sparql, const bool token)
   }
 
   read_ws_star(reader);
-  Ref uri = 0;
+  SerdNode* uri = NULL;
   TRY(st, read_IRIREF(reader, &uri));
 
-  st = serd_sink_write_prefix(
-    reader->sink, deref(reader, name), deref(reader, uri));
+  st = serd_sink_write_prefix(reader->sink, name, uri);
 
   pop_node(reader, uri);
   pop_node(reader, name);
@@ -1566,17 +1601,11 @@ read_wrappedGraph(SerdReader* const reader, ReadContext* const ctx)
 }
 
 static int
-tokcmp(SerdReader* const reader,
-       const Ref         ref,
-       const char* const tok,
-       const size_t      n)
+tokcmp(SerdNode* const node, const char* const tok, const size_t n)
 {
-  SerdNode* node = deref(reader, ref);
-  if (!node || node->length != n) {
-    return -1;
-  }
-
-  return serd_strncasecmp(serd_node_string(node), tok, n);
+  return ((!node || node->length != n)
+            ? -1
+            : serd_strncasecmp(serd_node_string(node), tok, n));
 }
 
 SerdStatus
@@ -1617,11 +1646,11 @@ read_n3_statement(SerdReader* const reader)
   default:
     TRY_FAILING(st, read_subject(reader, ctx, &ctx.subject, &s_type));
 
-    if (!tokcmp(reader, ctx.subject, "base", 4)) {
+    if (!tokcmp(ctx.subject, "base", 4)) {
       st = read_base(reader, true, false);
-    } else if (!tokcmp(reader, ctx.subject, "prefix", 6)) {
+    } else if (!tokcmp(ctx.subject, "prefix", 6)) {
       st = read_prefixID(reader, true, false);
-    } else if (!tokcmp(reader, ctx.subject, "graph", 5)) {
+    } else if (!tokcmp(ctx.subject, "graph", 5)) {
       ctx.subject = pop_node(reader, ctx.subject);
       read_ws_star(reader);
       TRY(st, read_labelOrSubject(reader, &ctx.graph));
@@ -1630,8 +1659,8 @@ read_n3_statement(SerdReader* const reader)
       pop_node(reader, ctx.graph);
       ctx.graph = 0;
       read_ws_star(reader);
-    } else if (!tokcmp(reader, ctx.subject, "true", 4) ||
-               !tokcmp(reader, ctx.subject, "false", 5)) {
+    } else if (!tokcmp(ctx.subject, "true", 4) ||
+               !tokcmp(ctx.subject, "false", 5)) {
       return r_err(reader, SERD_BAD_SYNTAX, "expected subject\n");
     } else if (read_ws_star(reader) && peek_byte(reader) == '{') {
       if (s_type == '(' || (s_type == '[' && !*ctx.flags)) {
diff --git a/src/node.c b/src/node.c
index 5b5b754f..ec14e611 100644
--- a/src/node.c
+++ b/src/node.c
@@ -49,8 +49,6 @@ DEFINE_XSD_NODE(boolean)
 DEFINE_XSD_NODE(decimal)
 DEFINE_XSD_NODE(integer)
 
-static const size_t serd_node_align = 2 * sizeof(uint64_t);
-
 static const SerdNodeFlags meta_mask = (SERD_HAS_DATATYPE | SERD_HAS_LANGUAGE);
 
 static SerdNode*
diff --git a/src/node.h b/src/node.h
index 41cf0d82..a87871b4 100644
--- a/src/node.h
+++ b/src/node.h
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include "serd/uri.h"
 
 #include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
 
 struct SerdNodeImpl {
   size_t        length; ///< Length in bytes (not including null)
@@ -17,6 +18,8 @@ struct SerdNodeImpl {
   SerdNodeType  type;   ///< Node type
 };
 
+static const size_t serd_node_align = 2 * sizeof(uint64_t);
+
 static inline char* SERD_NONNULL
 serd_node_buffer(SerdNode* SERD_NONNULL node)
 {
diff --git a/src/reader.c b/src/reader.c
index 944c8d09..3b4dfd2b 100644
--- a/src/reader.c
+++ b/src/reader.c
@@ -34,9 +34,10 @@ r_err(SerdReader* const reader, const SerdStatus st, const char* const fmt, ...)
 }
 
 void
-set_blank_id(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref ref, const size_t buf_size)
+set_blank_id(SerdReader* const reader,
+             SerdNode* const   node,
+             const size_t      buf_size)
 {
-  SerdNode*   node   = deref(reader, ref);
   char*       buf    = (char*)(node + 1);
   const char* prefix = reader->bprefix ? (const char*)reader->bprefix : "";
 
@@ -50,15 +51,18 @@ genid_size(const SerdReader* const reader)
   return reader->bprefix_len + 1 + 10 + 1; // + "b" + UINT32_MAX + \0
 }
 
-Ref
+SerdNode*
 blank_id(SerdReader* const reader)
 {
-  Ref ref = push_node_padded(reader, genid_size(reader), SERD_BLANK, "", 0);
-  set_blank_id(reader, ref, genid_size(reader));
+  SerdNode* ref =
+    push_node_padded(reader, genid_size(reader), SERD_BLANK, "", 0);
+  if (ref) {
+    set_blank_id(reader, ref, genid_size(reader));
+  }
   return ref;
 }
 
-Ref
+SerdNode*
 push_node_padded(SerdReader* const  reader,
                  const size_t       maxlen,
                  const SerdNodeType type,
@@ -68,6 +72,10 @@ push_node_padded(SerdReader* const  reader,
   void* mem = serd_stack_push_aligned(
     &reader->stack, sizeof(SerdNode) + maxlen + 1, sizeof(SerdNode));
 
+  if (!mem) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
   SerdNode* const node = (SerdNode*)mem;
 
   node->length = length;
@@ -78,14 +86,15 @@ push_node_padded(SerdReader* const  reader,
   memcpy(buf, str, length + 1);
 
 #ifdef SERD_STACK_CHECK
-  reader->allocs                       = (Ref*)realloc(reader->allocs,
-                                 sizeof(reader->allocs) * (++reader->n_allocs));
-  reader->allocs[reader->n_allocs - 1] = ((char*)mem - reader->stack.buf);
+  reader->allocs = (SerdNode**)realloc(
+    reader->allocs, sizeof(reader->allocs) * (++reader->n_allocs));
+  reader->allocs[reader->n_allocs - 1] =
+    (SerdNode*)((char*)mem - reader->stack.buf);
 #endif
-  return (Ref)((char*)node - reader->stack.buf);
+  return node;
 }
 
-Ref
+SerdNode*
 push_node(SerdReader* const  reader,
           const SerdNodeType type,
           const char* const  str,
@@ -94,42 +103,33 @@ push_node(SerdReader* const  reader,
   return push_node_padded(reader, length, type, str, length);
 }
 
-SERD_PURE_FUNC SerdNode*
-deref(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref ref)
-{
-  return ref ? (SerdNode*)(reader->stack.buf + ref) : NULL;
-}
-
-Ref
-pop_node(SerdReader* const reader, const Ref ref)
+SerdNode*
+pop_node(SerdReader* const reader, const SerdNode* const node)
 {
-  if (ref && ref != reader->rdf_first && ref != reader->rdf_rest &&
-      ref != reader->rdf_nil) {
+  if (node && node != reader->rdf_first && node != reader->rdf_rest &&
+      node != reader->rdf_nil) {
 #ifdef SERD_STACK_CHECK
-    SERD_STACK_ASSERT_TOP(reader, ref);
+    SERD_STACK_ASSERT_TOP(reader, node);
     --reader->n_allocs;
 #endif
-    SerdNode* const node = deref(reader, ref);
-    char* const     top  = reader->stack.buf + reader->stack.size;
+    char* const top = reader->stack.buf + reader->stack.size;
     serd_stack_pop_aligned(&reader->stack, (size_t)(top - (char*)node));
   }
-  return 0;
+  return NULL;
 }
 
 SerdStatus
-emit_statement(SerdReader* const reader, const ReadContext ctx, const Ref o)
+emit_statement(SerdReader* const reader,
+               const ReadContext ctx,
+               SerdNode* const   o)
 {
-  SerdNode* graph = deref(reader, ctx.graph);
+  SerdNode* graph = ctx.graph;
   if (!graph && reader->default_graph) {
     graph = reader->default_graph;
   }
 
-  const SerdStatus st = serd_sink_write(reader->sink,
-                                        *ctx.flags,
-                                        deref(reader, ctx.subject),
-                                        deref(reader, ctx.predicate),
-                                        deref(reader, o),
-                                        graph);
+  const SerdStatus st = serd_sink_write(
+    reader->sink, *ctx.flags, ctx.subject, ctx.predicate, o, graph);
 
   *ctx.flags &= SERD_ANON_CONT | SERD_LIST_CONT; // Preserve only cont flags
   return st;
@@ -150,21 +150,35 @@ serd_reader_read_document(SerdReader* const reader)
 }
 
 SerdReader*
-serd_reader_new(const SerdSyntax syntax, const SerdSink* const sink)
+serd_reader_new(const SerdSyntax      syntax,
+                const SerdSink* const sink,
+                const size_t          stack_size)
 {
+  if (stack_size < 3 * sizeof(SerdNode) + 192 + serd_node_align) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
   SerdReader* me = (SerdReader*)calloc(1, sizeof(SerdReader));
 
   me->sink          = sink;
   me->default_graph = NULL;
-  me->stack         = serd_stack_new(SERD_PAGE_SIZE);
+  me->stack         = serd_stack_new(stack_size);
   me->syntax        = syntax;
   me->next_id       = 1;
   me->strict        = true;
 
+  // Reserve a bit of space at the end of the stack to zero pad nodes
+  me->stack.buf_size -= serd_node_align;
+
   me->rdf_first = push_node(me, SERD_URI, NS_RDF "first", 48);
   me->rdf_rest  = push_node(me, SERD_URI, NS_RDF "rest", 47);
   me->rdf_nil   = push_node(me, SERD_URI, NS_RDF "nil", 46);
 
+  // The initial stack size check should cover this
+  assert(me->rdf_first);
+  assert(me->rdf_rest);
+  assert(me->rdf_nil);
+
   return me;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/reader.h b/src/reader.h
index db749fe8..a39fc278 100644
--- a/src/reader.h
+++ b/src/reader.h
@@ -29,18 +29,13 @@
 #  define SERD_STACK_ASSERT_TOP(reader, ref)
 #endif
 
-/* Reference to a node in the stack (we can not use pointers since the
-   stack may be reallocated, invalidating any pointers to elements).
-*/
-typedef size_t Ref;
-
 typedef struct {
-  Ref                 graph;
-  Ref                 subject;
-  Ref                 predicate;
-  Ref                 object;
-  Ref                 datatype;
-  Ref                 lang;
+  SerdNode*           graph;
+  SerdNode*           subject;
+  SerdNode*           predicate;
+  SerdNode*           object;
+  SerdNode*           datatype;
+  SerdNode*           lang;
   SerdStatementFlags* flags;
 } ReadContext;
 
@@ -48,9 +43,9 @@ struct SerdReaderImpl {
   const SerdSink* sink;
   SerdErrorFunc   error_func;
   void*           error_handle;
-  Ref             rdf_first;
-  Ref             rdf_rest;
-  Ref             rdf_nil;
+  SerdNode*       rdf_first;
+  SerdNode*       rdf_rest;
+  SerdNode*       rdf_nil;
   SerdNode*       default_graph;
   SerdByteSource  source;
   SerdStack       stack;
@@ -62,8 +57,8 @@ struct SerdReaderImpl {
   bool            strict; ///< True iff strict parsing
   bool            seen_genid;
 #ifdef SERD_STACK_CHECK
-  Ref*   allocs;   ///< Stack of push offsets
-  size_t n_allocs; ///< Number of stack pushes
+  SerdNode** allocs;   ///< Stack of push offsets
+  size_t     n_allocs; ///< Number of stack pushes
 #endif
 };
 
@@ -71,14 +66,14 @@ SERD_LOG_FUNC(3, 4)
 SerdStatus
 r_err(SerdReader* reader, SerdStatus st, const char* fmt, ...);
 
-Ref
+SerdNode*
 push_node_padded(SerdReader*  reader,
                  size_t       maxlen,
                  SerdNodeType type,
                  const char*  str,
                  size_t       length);
 
-Ref
+SerdNode*
 push_node(SerdReader*  reader,
           SerdNodeType type,
           const char*  str,
@@ -87,20 +82,17 @@ push_node(SerdReader*  reader,
 SERD_PURE_FUNC size_t
 genid_size(const SerdReader* reader);
 
-Ref
+SerdNode*
 blank_id(SerdReader* reader);
 
 void
-set_blank_id(SerdReader* reader, Ref ref, size_t buf_size);
+set_blank_id(SerdReader* reader, SerdNode* node, size_t buf_size);
 
 SerdNode*
-deref(SerdReader* reader, Ref ref);
-
-Ref
-pop_node(SerdReader* reader, Ref ref);
+pop_node(SerdReader* reader, const SerdNode* node);
 
 SerdStatus
-emit_statement(SerdReader* reader, ReadContext ctx, Ref o);
+emit_statement(SerdReader* reader, ReadContext ctx, SerdNode* o);
 
 SerdStatus
 read_n3_statement(SerdReader* reader);
@@ -166,13 +158,15 @@ eat_string(SerdReader* reader, const char* str, unsigned n)
 }
 
 static inline SerdStatus
-push_byte(SerdReader* reader, Ref ref, const int c)
+push_byte(SerdReader* reader, SerdNode* node, const int c)
 {
   assert(c != EOF);
   SERD_STACK_ASSERT_TOP(reader, ref);
 
-  char* const     s    = (char*)serd_stack_push(&reader->stack, 1);
-  SerdNode* const node = (SerdNode*)(reader->stack.buf + ref);
+  char* const s = (char*)serd_stack_push(&reader->stack, 1);
+  if (!s) {
+    return SERD_BAD_STACK;
+  }
 
   *(s - 1) = (char)c;
   *s       = '\0';
@@ -181,12 +175,20 @@ push_byte(SerdReader* reader, Ref ref, const int c)
   return SERD_SUCCESS;
 }
 
-static inline void
-push_bytes(SerdReader* reader, Ref ref, const uint8_t* bytes, unsigned len)
+static inline SerdStatus
+push_bytes(SerdReader*    reader,
+           SerdNode*      ref,
+           const uint8_t* bytes,
+           unsigned       len)
 {
+  if (reader->stack.buf_size < reader->stack.size + len) {
+    return SERD_BAD_STACK;
+  }
+
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
     push_byte(reader, ref, bytes[i]);
   }
+  return SERD_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 #endif // SERD_SRC_READER_H
diff --git a/src/serdi.c b/src/serdi.c
index 8ed02dfc..aece6d9d 100644
--- a/src/serdi.c
+++ b/src/serdi.c
@@ -24,8 +24,10 @@
 #  include <io.h>
 #endif
 
+#include <limits.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
 #define SERDI_ERROR(msg) fprintf(stderr, "serdi: " msg)
@@ -100,6 +102,7 @@ print_usage(const char* const name, const bool error)
     "  -f           Fast and loose URI pass-through.\n"
     "  -h           Display this help and exit.\n"
     "  -i SYNTAX    Input syntax: turtle/ntriples/trig/nquads.\n"
+    "  -k BYTES     Parser stack size.\n"
     "  -l           Lax (non-strict) parsing.\n"
     "  -o SYNTAX    Output syntax: turtle/ntriples/nquads.\n"
     "  -p PREFIX    Add PREFIX to blank node IDs.\n"
@@ -180,6 +183,7 @@ main(int argc, char** argv)
   bool        full_uris     = false;
   bool        lax           = false;
   bool        quiet         = false;
+  size_t      stack_size    = 1048576U;
   const char* add_prefix    = NULL;
   const char* chop_prefix   = NULL;
   const char* root_uri      = NULL;
@@ -236,6 +240,19 @@ main(int argc, char** argv)
           return print_usage(prog, true);
         }
         break;
+      } else if (opt == 'k') {
+        if (argv[a][o + 1] || ++a == argc) {
+          return missing_arg(prog, 'k');
+        }
+
+        char*      endptr = NULL;
+        const long size   = strtol(argv[a], &endptr, 10);
+        if (size <= 0 || size == LONG_MAX || *endptr != '\0') {
+          SERDI_ERRORF("invalid stack size '%s'\n", argv[a]);
+          return 1;
+        }
+        stack_size = (size_t)size;
+        break;
       } else if (opt == 'o') {
         if (argv[a][o + 1] || ++a == argc) {
           return missing_arg(prog, 'o');
@@ -307,7 +324,7 @@ main(int argc, char** argv)
     output_syntax, writer_flags, env, (SerdWriteFunc)fwrite, out_fd);
 
   SerdReader* const reader =
-    serd_reader_new(input_syntax, serd_writer_sink(writer));
+    serd_reader_new(input_syntax, serd_writer_sink(writer), stack_size);
 
   serd_reader_set_strict(reader, !lax);
   if (quiet) {
diff --git a/src/stack.h b/src/stack.h
index 7cd40a2f..e6e46372 100644
--- a/src/stack.h
+++ b/src/stack.h
@@ -53,9 +53,9 @@ serd_stack_push(SerdStack* stack, size_t n_bytes)
 {
   const size_t new_size = stack->size + n_bytes;
   if (stack->buf_size < new_size) {
-    stack->buf_size += (stack->buf_size >> 1); // *= 1.5
-    stack->buf = (char*)realloc(stack->buf, stack->buf_size);
+    return NULL;
   }
+
   char* const ret = (stack->buf + stack->size);
   stack->size     = new_size;
   return ret;
@@ -72,12 +72,16 @@ static inline void*
 serd_stack_push_aligned(SerdStack* stack, size_t n_bytes, size_t align)
 {
   // Push one byte to ensure space for a pad count
-  serd_stack_push(stack, 1);
+  if (!serd_stack_push(stack, 1)) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
 
   // Push padding if necessary
   const size_t pad = align - stack->size % align;
   if (pad > 0) {
-    serd_stack_push(stack, pad);
+    if (!serd_stack_push(stack, pad)) {
+      return NULL;
+    }
   }
 
   // Set top of stack to pad count so we can properly pop later
diff --git a/src/writer.c b/src/writer.c
index e674f2b1..5c05e244 100644
--- a/src/writer.c
+++ b/src/writer.c
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ ctx(SerdWriter* writer, const Field field)
   return node && node->type ? node : NULL;
 }
 
-static void
+SERD_NODISCARD static SerdStatus
 push_context(SerdWriter* const     writer,
              const ContextType     type,
              const SerdNode* const graph,
@@ -218,6 +218,10 @@ push_context(SerdWriter* const     writer,
 {
   // Push the current context to the stack
   void* const top = serd_stack_push(&writer->anon_stack, sizeof(WriteContext));
+  if (!top) {
+    return SERD_BAD_STACK;
+  }
+
   *(WriteContext*)top = writer->context;
 
   // Update the current context
@@ -230,6 +234,7 @@ push_context(SerdWriter* const     writer,
                                 0U};
 
   writer->context = current;
+  return SERD_SUCCESS;
 }
 
 static void
@@ -1079,20 +1084,22 @@ serd_writer_write_statement(SerdWriter* const        writer,
   if (flags & (SERD_ANON_S_BEGIN | SERD_LIST_S_BEGIN)) {
     // Push context for anonymous or list subject
     const bool is_list = (flags & SERD_LIST_S_BEGIN);
-    push_context(writer,
-                 is_list ? CTX_LIST : CTX_BLANK,
-                 graph,
-                 subject,
-                 is_list ? NULL : predicate);
+    TRY(st,
+        push_context(writer,
+                     is_list ? CTX_LIST : CTX_BLANK,
+                     graph,
+                     subject,
+                     is_list ? NULL : predicate));
   }
 
   if (flags & (SERD_ANON_O_BEGIN | SERD_LIST_O_BEGIN)) {
     // Push context for anonymous or list object if necessary
-    push_context(writer,
-                 (flags & SERD_LIST_O_BEGIN) ? CTX_LIST : CTX_BLANK,
-                 graph,
-                 object,
-                 NULL);
+    TRY(st,
+        push_context(writer,
+                     (flags & SERD_LIST_O_BEGIN) ? CTX_LIST : CTX_BLANK,
+                     graph,
+                     object,
+                     NULL));
   }
 
   return st;
diff --git a/test/meson.build b/test/meson.build
index 5742c545..d9a386c3 100644
--- a/test/meson.build
+++ b/test/meson.build
@@ -159,6 +159,10 @@ simple_command_tests = {
       ['-i', 'turtle'],
       ['-i', 'unknown'],
       ['-i'],
+      ['-k', '-1'],
+      ['-k', '1024junk'],
+      ['-k', '9223372036854775807'],
+      ['-k'],
       ['-o', 'unknown'],
       ['-o'],
       ['-p'],
@@ -264,6 +268,7 @@ test_suites = {
     '--',
     '-a',
     ['-i', 'NTriples'],
+    ['-k', '1024'],
   ],
   'trig': [
     files('w3c/trig/manifest.ttl'),
diff --git a/test/test_reader_writer.c b/test/test_reader_writer.c
index 1c028080..0ef8a96b 100644
--- a/test/test_reader_writer.c
+++ b/test/test_reader_writer.c
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ test_read_nquads_chunks(const char* const path)
 
   ReaderTest* const rt     = (ReaderTest*)calloc(1, sizeof(ReaderTest));
   SerdSink* const   sink   = serd_sink_new(rt, NULL);
-  SerdReader* const reader = serd_reader_new(SERD_NQUADS, sink);
+  SerdReader* const reader = serd_reader_new(SERD_NQUADS, sink, 4096);
 
   assert(reader);
   assert(sink);
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ test_read_turtle_chunks(const char* const path)
 
   ReaderTest* const rt     = (ReaderTest*)calloc(1, sizeof(ReaderTest));
   SerdSink* const   sink   = serd_sink_new(rt, NULL);
-  SerdReader* const reader = serd_reader_new(SERD_TURTLE, sink);
+  SerdReader* const reader = serd_reader_new(SERD_TURTLE, sink, 4096);
 
   assert(reader);
   assert(sink);
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ test_read_string(void)
 {
   ReaderTest* rt     = (ReaderTest*)calloc(1, sizeof(ReaderTest));
   SerdSink*   sink   = serd_sink_new(rt, NULL);
-  SerdReader* reader = serd_reader_new(SERD_TURTLE, sink);
+  SerdReader* reader = serd_reader_new(SERD_TURTLE, sink, 4096);
 
   assert(reader);
   assert(sink);
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ test_write_errors(void)
         serd_writer_new(syntax, style, env, faulty_sink, &ctx);
 
       const SerdSink* const sink   = serd_writer_sink(writer);
-      SerdReader* const     reader = serd_reader_new(SERD_TRIG, sink);
+      SerdReader* const     reader = serd_reader_new(SERD_TRIG, sink, 4096U);
 
       serd_reader_set_error_sink(reader, quiet_error_sink, NULL);
       serd_writer_set_error_sink(writer, quiet_error_sink, NULL);
@@ -542,17 +542,21 @@ test_writer(const char* const path)
 static void
 test_reader(const char* path)
 {
-  ReaderTest      rt     = {0, 0, 0, 0, NULL};
-  SerdSink* const sink   = serd_sink_new(&rt, NULL);
-  SerdReader*     reader = serd_reader_new(SERD_TURTLE, sink);
+  ReaderTest      rt   = {0, 0, 0, 0, NULL};
+  SerdSink* const sink = serd_sink_new(&rt, NULL);
   assert(sink);
-  assert(reader);
 
   serd_sink_set_base_func(sink, test_base_sink);
   serd_sink_set_prefix_func(sink, test_prefix_sink);
   serd_sink_set_statement_func(sink, test_statement_sink);
   serd_sink_set_end_func(sink, test_end_sink);
 
+  // Test that too little stack space fails gracefully
+  assert(!serd_reader_new(SERD_TURTLE, sink, 32));
+
+  SerdReader* reader = serd_reader_new(SERD_TURTLE, sink, 4096);
+  assert(reader);
+
   assert(serd_reader_read_chunk(reader) == SERD_FAILURE);
   assert(serd_reader_read_document(reader) == SERD_FAILURE);